Molecular and Statistical Study to Detect Infection with Entamoeba histolytica Isolated from Children’s Feces in The City of Nasiriyah
Abstract
Entamoeba histolytica is a significant gastrointestinal protozoan parasite worldwide, particularly in developing nations, where it leads to amebiasis and severe health complications. It is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route by ingesting contaminated food or water. This study was conducted at Bint Alhuda Hospital in Nasiriyah City between February 2023 and November 2024 to determine the prevalence of E. histolytica infection among children with diarrheal symptoms. Stool samples were analyzed using microscopic examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. Limited data exist on the molecular and statistical prevalence of E. histolytica infections in children in Nasiriyah City, particularly regarding age- and gender-specific infection rates. The study aimed to assess the incidence of E. histolytica infection in 2112 children using microscopic and molecular methods and to analyze infection rates by gender and age groups. Infection rates were 13.5% in 2023 and 16.1% in 2024, with statistically significant differences (P<0.01). Males had a higher infection rate than females (P<0.05). The highest prevalence was in children under one year, while the lowest was in those over six years. PCR confirmed that 75% of microscopically positive samples contained E. histolytica. This study provides new epidemiological insights into E. histolytica infection trends in Nasiriyah City using molecular and statistical approaches. The findings highlight the need for improved public health interventions, including better sanitation and targeted health education, to reduce infections, particularly among vulnerable pediatric populations.
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