Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Bacteria Isolated from Otitis Patients

Ali Abd  Kadhum

Ali Abd Kadhum Department of Community Health Techniques, Al-Nasiriyah Technical Institute, Southern Technical University, Thi-Qar, Iraq

Keywords: antibiotic resistance, otitis media, CTX-M gene

Abstract

Otitis media is an inflammation of the cavity behind the eardrum. The inflammation may be acute or otitis with effusion, and it may also lead to chronic otitis media, the most important symptoms of which are severe pain, swelling, and redness, and it may lead to hearing loss. Two hundred swabs were taken from otitis media. Swabs obtained from patients were cultured on appropriate media such as McConkey and blood and then incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. After which bacterial characteristics appeared and were identified by Gram stain, light microscopy and biochemical tests, most notably mannitol fermentation, oxidase and catalase. To confirm bacterial species, Enterosystem 18 R and Vitek-2 compact were used. The results of this study showed that the number of bacteria isolated from both sexes amounted to 128 bacterial isolates, most of which were Staphylococcus aureus with 49 isolates. The results also showed that the antibiotic resistance of bacteria was relatively high among them, appeared that the Pseudomonas aerogenosa isolates were the most resistant to ciprofloxacin by a percentage of 63.15 %, while the Staph. aureus bacteria appeared more sensitive to the antibiotic Ciprofloxacin by a percentage of 61.22 %. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were the most sensitive to the antibiotic amoxicillin-clavulanate by 91.83%, while Escherichia coli appeared more resistant to the antibiotic amoxicillin-clavulanate by 85.71%. While the P. aerogenosa appeared resistant by 3% Tetracycline antibiotics, where Strep. pneuminiae was the most sensitive with a percentage of 66.66% while all Enterococus spp. isolats sensitive 100% for Gentamycin Staph. aureus more sensitive 63.26% and P. aerogenosa 57.89%. The results during the study presented that the isolates of P. seudomonas, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococus spp. and E. coli carried the CTX-M gene.

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