The Effect of Sanitation, Infectional Diseases, and Nutrition Information on Stunting Events in Children in Pariaman City

Yessy  Aprihatin; Erpita  Yanti; Dwi Happy  Anggia

doi:10.17605/cajmns.v2i4.265

Yessy Aprihatin Program of Diploma III Nursing, Universitas Negeri Padang
Erpita Yanti Program of Diploma III Nursing, Universitas Negeri Padang
Dwi Happy Anggia Program of Diploma III Nursing, Universitas Negeri Padang

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/cajmns.v2i4.265

Keywords: sanitation, infectious diseases, nutritional intake, stunting incidence

Abstract

Globally, about 151 million children under 5 years suffer from stunting. The stunting rate in Indonesia from 2014 to 2017 was an average of 28% to 29.6%. The prevalence of stunting based on Riskesdas data in 2013 in West Sumatra was 39.2% of all children under five. Five years later in 2018, the stunting rate in West Sumatra was recorded at 30.0% of all children under five. Based weighing babies aged under five years old (toddlers) in 2018 in Pariaman City, obtained by allegations that as many as 806 infants in the form of inaction impaired growth (stunting). The high stunting rate is suspected to be due to various problems that require massive and comprehensive handling. Lack of sanitation and poor personal and environmental hygiene, related to the transmission of several infectious diseases, namely diarrhea, cholera, typhoid fever, and paratyphoid fever, dysentery, hookworm disease, ascariasis, hepatitis A and E, skin diseases, trachoma, schistosomiasis, cryptosporidiosis, malnutrition, and diseases associated with malnutrition. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sanitation, infectious diseases, and nutritional intake on the incidence of stunting in children under five in Pariaman City. This research method uses a descriptive technique, which describes how sanitation, infectious diseases, and nutritional intake affect public health, especially the impact of stunting on children under five. Growth failure in children under five can be caused by multiple factors, including an unhealthy environment, a history of infectious diseases, and micronutrient deficiencies. Various pollutions of water quality hurt children's health.One of the common pollutions in urban and rural environments is the use of pesticides in agricultural environments. In addition to inadequate intake of nutrients, a history of infectious diseases is one of the causes of stunting. The effect of infection on children's linear growth is obtained through a mechanism by first affecting the child's nutritional status which then affects the child's linear growth.

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