Study the Levels of Arrestin Beta2 in Patients with Glaucoma in Nassiriya Province, Iraq
Keywords:
Glaucoma, Ocular neuropathy, Retinal ganglion cells, Primary open-angle glaucoma, Blindness prevention
Abstract
Glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, is characterized by visual field anomalies and progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss. Primary open-angle glaucoma affects over 57.5 million people, with risk factors including age, myopia, hypertension, thin corneal thickness, and family history. This study aimed to evaluate serum arrestin beta2 levels in glaucoma patients and healthy controls. Serum arrestin beta2 was measured in 88 subjects, including 50 glaucoma patients and 38 healthy controls, aged 40-70. Exclusion criteria included retinal diseases, hypertension, and vascular conditions. Results showed a significant decrease in arrestin beta2 levels in glaucoma patients compared to controls (p < 0.01), with higher levels observed in older healthy adults (60-70 years). These findings suggest that arrestin beta2 could be a potential biomarker for glaucoma progression, with implications for early detection and targeted treatment.
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[2] H. W. Bae, S. J. Seo, S. Y. Lee, Y. H. Lee, S. Hong, G. J. Seong, and C. Y. Kim, "Risk Factors for Visual Field Progression of Normal-Tension Glaucoma in Patients with Myopia," Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 107-113, 2017.
[3] A. E. Capote, A. Batra, C. M. Warren, S. A. Chowdhury, B. M. Wolska, R. J. Solaro, and P. C. Rosas, "β-Arrestin-2 Signaling is Important to Preserve Cardiac Function During Aging," Frontiers in Physiology, vol. 12, art. 696852, 2021.
[4] M. Chaturvedi, J. Maharana, and A. K. Shukla, "Terminating G-Protein Coupling: Structural Snapshots of GPCR-β-Arrestin Complexes," Cell, vol. 180, no. 6, pp. 1041-1043, 2020.
[5] D. P. Crabb, N. D. Smith, F. C. Glen, R. Burton, and D. F. Garway-Heath, "How Does Glaucoma Look?: Patient Perception of Visual Field Loss," Ophthalmology, vol. 120, no. 6, pp. 1120-1126, 2013.
[6] O. B. Goodman Jr, J. G. Krupnick, F. Santini, V. V. Gurevich, R. B. Penn, A. W. Gagnon, ... and J. L. Benovic, "β-Arrestin Acts as a Clathrin Adaptor in Endocytosis of the β2-Adrenergic Receptor," Nature, vol. 383, no. 6599, pp. 447-450, 1996.
[7] D. Gupta and P. P. Chen, "Glaucoma," American Family Physician, vol. 93, no. 8, pp. 668-674, 2016.
[8] V. V. Gurevich and E. V. Gurevich, "Structural Determinants of Arrestin Functions," Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science, vol. 118, pp. 57-92, 2013.
[9] P. Harasymowycz, C. Birt, P. Gooi, L. Heckler, C. Hutnik, D. Jinapriya, ... and R. Day, "Medical Management of Glaucoma in the 21st Century from a Canadian Perspective," Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 2016, art. 6509809, 2016.
[10] H. Fan, A. Bitto, B. Zingarelli, L. M. Luttrell, K. Borg, P. V. Halushka, and J. A. Cook, "β-Arrestin 2 Negatively Regulates Sepsis-Induced Inflammation," Immunology, vol. 130, no. 3, pp. 344-351, 2010.
[11] A. Jin, R. Choi, M. Rupalatha, S. Karnam, N. P. Skiba, R. Vann, P. Challa, and V. R. Ponugoti, "Role of Vasorin, an Anti-Apoptotic, Anti-TGF-β and Hypoxia-Induced Glycoprotein in the Trabecular Meshwork Cells and Glaucoma," Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 2022, doi: 10.1111/jcmm.17229.
[12] J. Li, L. Philip, T. Theccanat, and S. Akhter, "β-Arrestins Regulate Collagen Synthesis in Human Cardiac Fibroblasts via GPCR-Dependent and Independent Signaling," Biochemistry, 2013.
[13] J. B. Jonas, T. Aung, and R. R. Bourne, "Glaucoma," The Lancet, vol. 390, pp. 2183-2193, 2017.
[14] S. W. Kim and G. W. Kang, "Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor for Glaucoma Outcome in Korea," Acta Ophthalmologica, vol. 95, no. 7, pp. e662-e664, 2017.
[15] N. A. Moore, A. Harris, S. Wentz, A. C. V. Vercellin, P. Parekh, J. Gross, ... and B. Siesky, "Baseline Retrobulbar Blood Flow is Associated with Both Functional and Structural Glaucomatous Progression After 4 Years," British Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 101, no. 3, pp. 305-308, 2017.
[16] A. R. Rudnicka, S. Mt-Isa, C. G. Owen, D. G. Cook, and D. Ashby, "Variations in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Prevalence by Age, Gender, and Race: A Bayesian Meta-Analysis," Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, vol. 47, no. 10, pp. 4254-4261, 2006.
[17] S. M. Shah, N. Boopathiraj, M. R. Starr, L. A. Dalvin, J. AbouChehade, G. Damento, ... and R. Iezzi, "Risk, Prevalence, and Progression of Glaucoma in Eyes with Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treated with Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Injections," American Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 243, pp. 98-108, 2022.
[18] S. D. Hammood, E. A. Ali, and A. M. Rahmah, "Evaluation of Beta-Arrestin Levels in Acromegaly Patients: A Comparison of Patients with and Without Obstructive Sleep Apnea," Al-Rafidain Journal of Medical Sciences, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 86-90, 2024.
[19] R. Sihota, D. Angmo, D. Ramaswamy, and T. Dada, "Simplifying 'Target' Intraocular Pressure for Different Stages of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma," Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 66, no. 4, pp. 495-505, 2018.
[20] J. Stuart, R. P. Mundell, R. P. Loudon, and J. L. Benovic, "Characterization of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Regulation in Antisense mRNA-Expressing Cells with Reduced Arrestin Levels," Biochemistry, 1999, doi: 10.1021/BI990361V.
[21] J. C. Sun, J. J. Du, X. Q. Li, N. Li, W. Wei, and W. Y. Sun, "Depletion of β-Arrestin 2 Protects Against CCl4-Induced Liver Injury in Mice," Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 522, no. 2, pp. 485-491, 2020.
[22] W. W. Wang, X. R. Zhang, J. Y. Lin, Z. R. Zhang, Z. Wang, S. Y. Chen, and C. L. Xie, "Levodopa/Benserazide PLGA Microsphere Prevents L-Dopa–Induced Dyskinesia via Lower β-Arrestin2 in 6-Hydroxydopamine Parkinson’s Rats," Frontiers in Pharmacology, vol. 10, art. 660, 2019.
[23] R. N. Weinreb, T. Aung, and F. A. Medeiros, "The Pathophysiology and Treatment of Glaucoma: A Review," Jama, vol. 311, no. 18, pp. 1901-1911, 2014.
[24] X. Zhang, M. Chen, X. Ni, Y. Wang, X. Zheng, H. Zhang, ... and C. T. Yang, "Metabolic Reprogramming of Sulfur in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Sulfane Sulfur-Triggered Anti-Cancer Strategy," Frontiers in Pharmacology, vol. 11, art. 571143, 2020.
[25] Z. R. Zhang, X. R. Zhang, X. Q. Luan, X. S. Wang, W. W. Wang, X. Y. Wang, ... and C. L. Xie, "Striatal Overexpression of β-Arrestin2 Counteracts L-Dopa-Induced Dyskinesia in 6-Hydroxydopamine Lesioned Parkinson's Disease Rats," Neurochemistry International, vol. 131, art. 104543, 2019.
Published
2024-09-20
How to Cite
Joduh, M. M., & Aouda, M. A. (2024). Study the Levels of Arrestin Beta2 in Patients with Glaucoma in Nassiriya Province, Iraq. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science, 5(4), 873-877. Retrieved from https://cajmns.centralasianstudies.org/index.php/CAJMNS/article/view/2621
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Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
