Medicinal Plants: The Potential of Combining a Group of Medicinal Plants to Avoid the Risks of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Treatments: A Narrative Review 2010-2024
Keywords:
Curcuma longa, Vitex negundo seed, Carum carvi L, Flaxseeds, Momordica charantia, Inonotus obliquus, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Metformine
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by ovarian cysts and hormonal imbalances. While estrogen and combination hormone therapies are commonly used for managing menopausal symptoms, concerns exist about their potential risks. Recently, phytoestrogen-rich plants and medicinal herbs have gained attention as alternative therapies for PCOS. This review examines 18 studies to assess the efficacy of herbal treatments for PCOS, with data sourced from Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The analysis highlights the chemical properties, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic benefits of several herbs, demonstrating their potential in mitigating PCOS symptoms. The findings underscore the need for further research to validate the effectiveness of these alternative remedies.
References
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[23] A. Wahyuni, A. Mudigdo, S. Soetrisno, B. Wasita, U. R. Budi, V. Widyaningsih, and I. P. Sari, "Beneficial effects of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system extract of Curcuma longa on polycystic ovary syndrome rats model through insulin sensitization activity," Trop. J. Nat. Prod. Res., vol. 8, no. 3, p. 6563, 2024.
[24] T. K. Kar, S. Sil, A. Ghosh, A. Barman, and S. Chattopadhyay, "Mitigation of letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome associated inflammatory response and endocrinal dysfunction by Vitex negundo seeds," J. Ovarian Res., vol. 17, no. 1, p. 76, 2024.
[25] J. Sharath, R. A. S. Taj, and M. Bhagya, "Phytochemical Characterization of Vitex negundo Leaves: A Potent Antiandrogenic and Antioxidant Agent," Nat. Prod. Sci., vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 130–137, 2022.
[26] P. S. Shettar, V. M. Kumbar, and M. B. Hiremath, "Anti-proliferative Activity of Vitex negundo Leaf Extracts on PA1 Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines," Arch. Razi Inst., vol. 79, no. 2, pp. 426–436, 2024.
[27] S. Sherafatmanesh, M. Ekramzadeh, N. Tanideh, M. T. Golmakani, and F. Koohpeyma, "The Effects of Thylakoid-Rich Spinach Extract and Aqueous Extract of Caraway (Carum carvi L.) in Letrozole-Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Rats," BMC Complement. Med. Ther., vol. 20, pp. 1–13, 2020.
[28] D. Trishna, M. S. Bhushan, B. Mrinmoy, J. P. Mohanty, and D. S. Hil, "Evaluation of Phytochemical Screening and Anti-Fertility Activity of Curcuma aromatica Salisb," Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Res., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 18–22, 2010.
[29] M. Akram, M. Azhar, N. Anjum, and N. Quddusi, "Phytopharmacology of Unani Drug Zeerah Siyah (Carum carvi Linn)–A Review," J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 2772–2782, 2019.
[30] N. N. Osman, S. A. Alsahfi, and F. Alshubaily, "Effectiveness of Aqueous Extract of Fenugreek Seeds and Flaxseed on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Female Rats," Int. J. Pharm. Res. Allied Sci., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 42–54, 2019.
[31] F. Haidari, N. Banaei-Jahromi, M. Zakerkish, and K. Ahmadi, "The Effects of Flaxseed Supplementation on Metabolic Status in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Open-Labeled Controlled Clinical Trial," Nutr. J., vol. 19, pp. 1–11, 2020.
[32] J. D. Christodoss, V. E. Rani, and P. Krishnan, "Impact of Milled Flaxseeds in Elevating the SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin) Levels Among Young Women Diagnosed with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)," Prevalence, vol. 10, p. 2, 2018.
[33] L. Hussain, N. Aamir, M. Hussain, M. Asif, Z. Chauhdary, F. Manzoor, et al., "Therapeutic Investigation of Standardized Aqueous Methanolic Extract of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) for Its Potential Against Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Experimental Animals’ Model: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies," Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med., vol. 2022, p. 5143653, 2022.
[34] O. Cevik, H. Akpinar, R. Oba, O. T. Cilingir, Z. N. Ozdemir, S. Cetinel, and T. Yoldemir, "The Effect of Momordica charantia Intake on the Estrogen Receptors ESRα/ESRβ Gene Levels and Apoptosis on Uterine Tissue in Ovariectomy Rats," Mol. Biol. Rep., vol. 42, pp. 167–177, 2015.
[35] W. Bai, C. Zhang, and H. Chen, "Transcriptomic Analysis of Momordica charantia Polysaccharide on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats," Gene, vol. 675, pp. 208–216, 2018.
[36] E. C. Ndeingang, P. B. Defo Deeh, P. Watcho, and A. Kamanyi, "Phyllanthus muellerianus (Euphorbiaceae) Restores Ovarian Functions in Letrozole-Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Rats," Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med., vol. 2019, p. 2965821, 2019.
[37] N. Ineza, "Effects of Aqueous Extract of Hunteria umbellata on Hormonal, Metabolic, and Hematological Parameters of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Sprague-Dawley Rat Model," 2024.
[38] J. Zhang, A. Saeed, M. Hussain, R. Siddique, H. Xu, R. R. Bazmi, et al., "Aqueous Ethanolic Extract of Inonotus obliquus Ameliorates Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Downregulating TNF-α and Interleukin-6," J. Food Biochem., vol. 2024, p. 1003797, 2024.
[2] E. Stener-Victorin, H. Teede, R. J. Norman, R. Legro, M. O. Goodarzi, A. Dokras, et al., "Polycystic ovary syndrome," Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim., vol. 10, no. 1, p. 27, 2024.
[3] A. N. Nowotnik, "Wielowymiarowość doświadczenia zespołu policystycznych jajników u kobiet w wieku rozrodczym: przegląd badań," Nowiny Lekarskie, vol. 81, no. 3, pp. 268–272, 2012.
[4] S. Lalonde-Bester, M. Malik, R. Masoumi, K. Ng, S. Sidhu, M. Ghosh, and D. Vine, "Prevalence and etiology of eating disorders in polycystic ovary syndrome: A scoping review," Adv. Nutr., p. 100193, 2024.
[5] K. U. Nisa, N. Tarfeen, S. A. Mir, A. A. Waza, M. B. Ahmad, and B. A. Ganai, "Molecular mechanisms in the etiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): A multifaceted hypothesis towards the disease with potential therapeutics," Indian J. Clin. Biochem., vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 18–36, 2024.
[6] O. Goldrat and A. Delbaere, "PCOS: Update and diagnostic approach," Clin. Biochem., vol. 62, pp. 24–31, 2018.
[7] A. Z. Rutkowska and E. Diamanti-Kandarakis, "Polycystic ovary syndrome and environmental toxins," Fertil. Steril., vol. 106, no. 4, pp. 948–958, 2016.
[8] D. Calina, A. O. Docea, K. S. Golokhvast, S. Sifakis, A. Tsatsakis, and A. Makrigiannakis, "Management of endocrinopathies in pregnancy: A review of current evidence," Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 16, no. 5, p. 781, 2019.
[9] I. Soave, T. Occhiali, C. Assorgi, R. Marci, and D. Caserta, "Environmental toxin exposure in polycystic ovary syndrome women and possible ovarian neoplastic repercussion," Curr. Med. Res. Opin., vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 693–703, 2020.
[10] E. Palioura and E. Diamanti-Kandarakis, "Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs)," Rev. Endocr. Metab. Disord., vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 365–371, 2015.
[11] N. Botros, D. Sluik, R. P. van Waateringe, J. H. de Vries, A. Geelen, and E. J. Feskens, "Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and associations with cardio-metabolic, lifestyle, and dietary factors in a general population: The NQplus study," Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev., vol. 33, no. 5, p. e2892, 2017.
[12] J. F. Strauss III, "Some new thoughts on the pathophysiology and genetics of polycystic ovary syndrome," Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., vol. 997, no. 1, pp. 42–48, 2003.
[13] J. Z. Ilich, J. C. Gilman, S. Cvijetic, and D. Boschiero, "Chronic stress contributes to osteosarcopenic adiposity via inflammation and immune modulation: The case for more precise nutritional investigation," Nutrients, vol. 12, no. 4, p. 989, 2020.
[14] R. P. Steegers-Theunissen, R. E. Wiegel, P. W. Jansen, J. S. Laven, and K. D. Sinclair, "Polycystic ovary syndrome: A brain disorder characterized by eating problems originating during puberty and adolescence," Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol. 21, no. 21, p. 8211, 2020.
[15] O. Papalou, V. M. Victor, and E. Diamanti-Kandarakis, "Oxidative stress in polycystic ovary syndrome," Curr. Pharm. Des., vol. 22, no. 18, pp. 2709–2722, 2016.
[16] A. Sacerdote, "Rare and underappreciated causes of polycystic ovarian syndrome," in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-Functional Investigation and Clinical Application. London, UK: IntechOpen, 2022.
[17] C. He, Z. Lin, S. W. Robb, and A. E. Ezeamama, "Serum vitamin D levels and polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis," Nutrients, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 4555–4577, 2015.
[18] M. Månsson, K. Norström, J. Holte, K. Landin-Wilhelmsen, E. Dahlgren, and M. Landén, "Sexuality and psychological wellbeing in women with polycystic ovary syndrome compared with healthy controls," Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol., vol. 155, no. 2, pp. 161–165, 2011.
[19] R. Rani, Y. A. Hajam, R. Kumar, R. A. Bhat, S. Rai, and M. A. Rather, "A landscape analysis of the potential role of polyphenols for the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)," Phytomedicine Plus, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 100161, 2022.
[20] C. Baethge, S. Goldbeck-Wood, and S. Mertens, "SANRA—a scale for the quality assessment of narrative review articles," Res. Integr. Peer Rev., vol. 4, p. 1, 2019.
[21] P. A. Gupte, K. N. Khade, G. N. Wagh, C. S. Deshmukh, V. A. Pandit, and S. S. Bhalerao, "Effect of combination of Curcuma longa with Emblica officinalis in females with polycystic ovarian syndrome: An open-label, randomized active-controlled, exploratory clinical study," J. Diabetol., vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 126–134, 2023.
[22] S. Alavez, "Curcumin and insulin resistance: Molecular targets and clinical evidences," Curr. Pharm. Des., vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 56–69, 2016.
[23] A. Wahyuni, A. Mudigdo, S. Soetrisno, B. Wasita, U. R. Budi, V. Widyaningsih, and I. P. Sari, "Beneficial effects of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system extract of Curcuma longa on polycystic ovary syndrome rats model through insulin sensitization activity," Trop. J. Nat. Prod. Res., vol. 8, no. 3, p. 6563, 2024.
[24] T. K. Kar, S. Sil, A. Ghosh, A. Barman, and S. Chattopadhyay, "Mitigation of letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome associated inflammatory response and endocrinal dysfunction by Vitex negundo seeds," J. Ovarian Res., vol. 17, no. 1, p. 76, 2024.
[25] J. Sharath, R. A. S. Taj, and M. Bhagya, "Phytochemical Characterization of Vitex negundo Leaves: A Potent Antiandrogenic and Antioxidant Agent," Nat. Prod. Sci., vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 130–137, 2022.
[26] P. S. Shettar, V. M. Kumbar, and M. B. Hiremath, "Anti-proliferative Activity of Vitex negundo Leaf Extracts on PA1 Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines," Arch. Razi Inst., vol. 79, no. 2, pp. 426–436, 2024.
[27] S. Sherafatmanesh, M. Ekramzadeh, N. Tanideh, M. T. Golmakani, and F. Koohpeyma, "The Effects of Thylakoid-Rich Spinach Extract and Aqueous Extract of Caraway (Carum carvi L.) in Letrozole-Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Rats," BMC Complement. Med. Ther., vol. 20, pp. 1–13, 2020.
[28] D. Trishna, M. S. Bhushan, B. Mrinmoy, J. P. Mohanty, and D. S. Hil, "Evaluation of Phytochemical Screening and Anti-Fertility Activity of Curcuma aromatica Salisb," Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Res., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 18–22, 2010.
[29] M. Akram, M. Azhar, N. Anjum, and N. Quddusi, "Phytopharmacology of Unani Drug Zeerah Siyah (Carum carvi Linn)–A Review," J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 2772–2782, 2019.
[30] N. N. Osman, S. A. Alsahfi, and F. Alshubaily, "Effectiveness of Aqueous Extract of Fenugreek Seeds and Flaxseed on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Female Rats," Int. J. Pharm. Res. Allied Sci., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 42–54, 2019.
[31] F. Haidari, N. Banaei-Jahromi, M. Zakerkish, and K. Ahmadi, "The Effects of Flaxseed Supplementation on Metabolic Status in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Open-Labeled Controlled Clinical Trial," Nutr. J., vol. 19, pp. 1–11, 2020.
[32] J. D. Christodoss, V. E. Rani, and P. Krishnan, "Impact of Milled Flaxseeds in Elevating the SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin) Levels Among Young Women Diagnosed with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)," Prevalence, vol. 10, p. 2, 2018.
[33] L. Hussain, N. Aamir, M. Hussain, M. Asif, Z. Chauhdary, F. Manzoor, et al., "Therapeutic Investigation of Standardized Aqueous Methanolic Extract of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) for Its Potential Against Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Experimental Animals’ Model: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies," Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med., vol. 2022, p. 5143653, 2022.
[34] O. Cevik, H. Akpinar, R. Oba, O. T. Cilingir, Z. N. Ozdemir, S. Cetinel, and T. Yoldemir, "The Effect of Momordica charantia Intake on the Estrogen Receptors ESRα/ESRβ Gene Levels and Apoptosis on Uterine Tissue in Ovariectomy Rats," Mol. Biol. Rep., vol. 42, pp. 167–177, 2015.
[35] W. Bai, C. Zhang, and H. Chen, "Transcriptomic Analysis of Momordica charantia Polysaccharide on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats," Gene, vol. 675, pp. 208–216, 2018.
[36] E. C. Ndeingang, P. B. Defo Deeh, P. Watcho, and A. Kamanyi, "Phyllanthus muellerianus (Euphorbiaceae) Restores Ovarian Functions in Letrozole-Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Rats," Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med., vol. 2019, p. 2965821, 2019.
[37] N. Ineza, "Effects of Aqueous Extract of Hunteria umbellata on Hormonal, Metabolic, and Hematological Parameters of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Sprague-Dawley Rat Model," 2024.
[38] J. Zhang, A. Saeed, M. Hussain, R. Siddique, H. Xu, R. R. Bazmi, et al., "Aqueous Ethanolic Extract of Inonotus obliquus Ameliorates Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Downregulating TNF-α and Interleukin-6," J. Food Biochem., vol. 2024, p. 1003797, 2024.
Published
2024-09-13
How to Cite
Khudhur , A. F. (2024). Medicinal Plants: The Potential of Combining a Group of Medicinal Plants to Avoid the Risks of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Treatments: A Narrative Review 2010-2024. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science, 5(4), 780-789. Retrieved from https://cajmns.centralasianstudies.org/index.php/CAJMNS/article/view/2609
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