Intrauterine Device Malposition Research: The Involvement of Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Imaging
Keywords:
IUCD malposition, 3D Ultrasonography, Contraceptive Devices, Gynecological Imaging, Uterine Abnormalities
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the frequency of intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) malposition and the primary contributing factors using advanced diagnostic techniques. The research specifically focused on assessing the effectiveness of three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography in detecting and evaluating IUCD malposition and its consequences. A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2022 in the gynecology and obstetrics departments of Al Falluja General Hospital, Salahuddin General Hospital, and a private ultrasonography clinic. Data were collected through direct interviews, medical history reviews, physical examinations, and both 2D and 3D ultrasound imaging. The study involved 100 women, with a focus on demographic factors, symptoms, and the accuracy of IUCD placement as observed through ultrasound imaging. The results demonstrated that 33% of the women experienced IUCD malposition, with 3D ultrasonography significantly improving detection accuracy compared to 2D ultrasound. The study also found a significant association between IUCD malposition and symptoms such as pain and bleeding, as well as certain uterine abnormalities. These findings suggest that 3D ultrasonography is superior in detecting IUCD malposition, which could lead to better management and treatment outcomes for affected women.
References
1. A. D. K. S. S. K. G. L. T. D. Sanders JN, "Bleeding, cramping, and satisfaction among new copper IUD users: a prospective study," PLoS One, vol. 13, no. 11, p. e0199724, 2018.
2. B. C. M. R. G. A. Braaten KP, " Malpositioned Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices: Risk Factors, Outcomes, and Future Pregnancies.," Obstetrics & Gynecology., vol. 118, no. 5, pp. 1014-20. , 2011.
3. Birth Control and Family Planning Using Intrauterine Devices (IUDs), 2018.
4. D. S. S. A. S. S. G. S. E. C. S. D. e. a. Grimbizis G, "The Thessaloniki ESHRE/ESGE consensus on diagnosis of female genital anomalies†," Human reproduction (Oxford, England)., vol. 31, 2015.
5. E. A. E. S. Elsokary A, " Evaluation of Post-Placental IUD Insertion during Cesarean Section at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Egypt," Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 516-25., 2020.
6. E. MS, "Comparison between the traditional non-guided and a novel ultrasound-guided technique for office fitting of intrauterine contraceptive devices," International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, vol. 132, no. 4, pp. 895-905, 2018.
7. E. Y. J. G. C. K. W. M. B.-B. E. e. a. Averbach SH, "Expulsion of intrauterine devices after postpartum placement by timing of placement, delivery type, and intrauterine device type: a systematic review and meta-analysis," American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, vol. 223, no. 2, pp. 177-88. , 2020.
8. F. D. K. A. A. K. V. U. Gerkowicz SA, "Uterine structural abnormality and intrauterine device malposition: analysis of ultrasonographic and demographic variables of 517 patients," American journal of obstetrics and gynecology., vol. 220, no. 2, pp. :183. e1-. e8. , 2019.
9. F. N. Connolly CT, "Incidence and Risk Factors for a Malpositioned Intrauterine Device Detected on Three‐Dimensional Ultrasound Within Eight Weeks of Placement," Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 1525-36. , 2022.
10. G. Q.-y. W. W. H. L.-l. Chen X-y, "Three-dimensional ultrasonography versus two-dimensional ultrasonography for the diagnosis of intrauterine device malposition," International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, vol. 128, no. 2, pp. 157-9, 2015.
11. H. B. A. H. F. C. Abou‐Setta AM, "Levonorgestrelreleasing intrauterine device (LNG‐IUD) for symptomatic endometriosis following surgery.," Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, vol. 1, 2013.
12. H. L. P. M. F. M. U. C. D. P. R. e. a. Graupera B, "Normal and abnormal images of intrauterine devices: Role of threedimensional sonography," Journal of Clinical Ultrasound., vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 433-8. , 2012.
13. H. M. C. B. Z. L. K. Y. Nowitzki KM, "Ultrasonography of intrauterine devices.," Ultrasonography, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. :183-94, 2015.
14. J. A. N. A. N. S. G. N. S. S. VARUN N, "Approach Towards Misplaced or Malposition IUCD: Lessons Learned," Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research, vol. 13, no. 5, 2019.
15. J. G. R. B. R. F. N. A. N. M. e. a. Danna K, "Introducing the hormonal Intrauterine Device in Madagascar, Nigeria, and Zambia: results from a pilot study," Reproductive Health, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 4., 2022.
16. K. J. P. K. D. G. F. X. J. D. Moro F, "Ultrasoundguided retrieval of lost intrauterine devices using very fine grasping forceps: a case series.," Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care., vol. 41, no. 3, p. :205 , 2015.
17. K. K. H. B. J. Lichtenstein Liljeblad K, "Effectiveness, safety and overall satisfaction of early postpartum placement of hormonal IUD 31 compared with standard procedure: An open‐label, randomized, multicenter study," Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica., 2022.
18. N. A. G. N. Varun N, "Misplaced IUCD: a case report," Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol, vol. 6, no. 11, pp. 5155-7, 2017.
19. N. Z. A.-n. S. Abdelaziz W, "Factors affecting contraceptive use among currently married women in Iraq in 2018," Journal of Biosocial Science, pp. 1-14. , 2022.
20. O. O. S. O. Adedini SA, "Trends, patterns and determinants of long-acting reversible methods of contraception among women in sub-Saharan Africa," PloS one, vol. 14, no. 6, p. e0217574. , 2019.
21. P. R. H. L. S. I. T. B. G. A. e. a. Grigore M, "The added value of three dimensional ultrasonography in uterine pathology," Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 1-6., 2021.
22. Retained Intrauterine Device (IUD): Triple Case Report and Review of the Literature, 2018.
23. S. K. T. L. Evans AT, "Ultrasound assessment of the intrauterine device. Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics," Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 661-81., 2019.
24. S. T. B. B. Benacerraf B, "Three‐dimensional ultrasound detection of abnormally located intrauterine contraceptive devices which are a source of pelvic pain and abnormal bleeding," Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. :110-5. , 2009.
25. S. T. D. E. C. T. B. D. Moshesh M, "Factors associated with low-lying intrauterine devices: a cross-sectional ultrasound study in a cohort of African-American women," Contraception, vol. 98, no. 1, pp. :25-9. , 2018.
26. W. M. J. G. T. N. B.-B. E. J. D. e. a. Jatlaoui TC, "Intrauterine Device Expulsion After Postpartum Placement: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis," Obstetrics and gynecology, vol. 133, no. 3, pp. 338-41., 2016.
27. X. M. D. X. L. Y. T. Y. W. X. Sun X, "Clinical characteristic and intraoperative findings of uterine perforation patients in using of intrauterine devices (IUDs)," Gynecological Surgery, vol. 15, pp. 1-7. , 2018.
28. Y. J, "Understanding benefits and addressing misperceptions and barriers to intrauterine device access among populations in the United States," Patient preference and adherence, vol. 8, pp. 947-57., 2014.
2. B. C. M. R. G. A. Braaten KP, " Malpositioned Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices: Risk Factors, Outcomes, and Future Pregnancies.," Obstetrics & Gynecology., vol. 118, no. 5, pp. 1014-20. , 2011.
3. Birth Control and Family Planning Using Intrauterine Devices (IUDs), 2018.
4. D. S. S. A. S. S. G. S. E. C. S. D. e. a. Grimbizis G, "The Thessaloniki ESHRE/ESGE consensus on diagnosis of female genital anomalies†," Human reproduction (Oxford, England)., vol. 31, 2015.
5. E. A. E. S. Elsokary A, " Evaluation of Post-Placental IUD Insertion during Cesarean Section at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Egypt," Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 516-25., 2020.
6. E. MS, "Comparison between the traditional non-guided and a novel ultrasound-guided technique for office fitting of intrauterine contraceptive devices," International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, vol. 132, no. 4, pp. 895-905, 2018.
7. E. Y. J. G. C. K. W. M. B.-B. E. e. a. Averbach SH, "Expulsion of intrauterine devices after postpartum placement by timing of placement, delivery type, and intrauterine device type: a systematic review and meta-analysis," American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, vol. 223, no. 2, pp. 177-88. , 2020.
8. F. D. K. A. A. K. V. U. Gerkowicz SA, "Uterine structural abnormality and intrauterine device malposition: analysis of ultrasonographic and demographic variables of 517 patients," American journal of obstetrics and gynecology., vol. 220, no. 2, pp. :183. e1-. e8. , 2019.
9. F. N. Connolly CT, "Incidence and Risk Factors for a Malpositioned Intrauterine Device Detected on Three‐Dimensional Ultrasound Within Eight Weeks of Placement," Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 1525-36. , 2022.
10. G. Q.-y. W. W. H. L.-l. Chen X-y, "Three-dimensional ultrasonography versus two-dimensional ultrasonography for the diagnosis of intrauterine device malposition," International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, vol. 128, no. 2, pp. 157-9, 2015.
11. H. B. A. H. F. C. Abou‐Setta AM, "Levonorgestrelreleasing intrauterine device (LNG‐IUD) for symptomatic endometriosis following surgery.," Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, vol. 1, 2013.
12. H. L. P. M. F. M. U. C. D. P. R. e. a. Graupera B, "Normal and abnormal images of intrauterine devices: Role of threedimensional sonography," Journal of Clinical Ultrasound., vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 433-8. , 2012.
13. H. M. C. B. Z. L. K. Y. Nowitzki KM, "Ultrasonography of intrauterine devices.," Ultrasonography, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. :183-94, 2015.
14. J. A. N. A. N. S. G. N. S. S. VARUN N, "Approach Towards Misplaced or Malposition IUCD: Lessons Learned," Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research, vol. 13, no. 5, 2019.
15. J. G. R. B. R. F. N. A. N. M. e. a. Danna K, "Introducing the hormonal Intrauterine Device in Madagascar, Nigeria, and Zambia: results from a pilot study," Reproductive Health, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 4., 2022.
16. K. J. P. K. D. G. F. X. J. D. Moro F, "Ultrasoundguided retrieval of lost intrauterine devices using very fine grasping forceps: a case series.," Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care., vol. 41, no. 3, p. :205 , 2015.
17. K. K. H. B. J. Lichtenstein Liljeblad K, "Effectiveness, safety and overall satisfaction of early postpartum placement of hormonal IUD 31 compared with standard procedure: An open‐label, randomized, multicenter study," Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica., 2022.
18. N. A. G. N. Varun N, "Misplaced IUCD: a case report," Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol, vol. 6, no. 11, pp. 5155-7, 2017.
19. N. Z. A.-n. S. Abdelaziz W, "Factors affecting contraceptive use among currently married women in Iraq in 2018," Journal of Biosocial Science, pp. 1-14. , 2022.
20. O. O. S. O. Adedini SA, "Trends, patterns and determinants of long-acting reversible methods of contraception among women in sub-Saharan Africa," PloS one, vol. 14, no. 6, p. e0217574. , 2019.
21. P. R. H. L. S. I. T. B. G. A. e. a. Grigore M, "The added value of three dimensional ultrasonography in uterine pathology," Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 1-6., 2021.
22. Retained Intrauterine Device (IUD): Triple Case Report and Review of the Literature, 2018.
23. S. K. T. L. Evans AT, "Ultrasound assessment of the intrauterine device. Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics," Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 661-81., 2019.
24. S. T. B. B. Benacerraf B, "Three‐dimensional ultrasound detection of abnormally located intrauterine contraceptive devices which are a source of pelvic pain and abnormal bleeding," Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. :110-5. , 2009.
25. S. T. D. E. C. T. B. D. Moshesh M, "Factors associated with low-lying intrauterine devices: a cross-sectional ultrasound study in a cohort of African-American women," Contraception, vol. 98, no. 1, pp. :25-9. , 2018.
26. W. M. J. G. T. N. B.-B. E. J. D. e. a. Jatlaoui TC, "Intrauterine Device Expulsion After Postpartum Placement: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis," Obstetrics and gynecology, vol. 133, no. 3, pp. 338-41., 2016.
27. X. M. D. X. L. Y. T. Y. W. X. Sun X, "Clinical characteristic and intraoperative findings of uterine perforation patients in using of intrauterine devices (IUDs)," Gynecological Surgery, vol. 15, pp. 1-7. , 2018.
28. Y. J, "Understanding benefits and addressing misperceptions and barriers to intrauterine device access among populations in the United States," Patient preference and adherence, vol. 8, pp. 947-57., 2014.
Published
2024-08-23
How to Cite
Abed, W. M., & Ibrahem, M. S. (2024). Intrauterine Device Malposition Research: The Involvement of Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Imaging. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science, 5(4), 556-565. Retrieved from https://cajmns.centralasianstudies.org/index.php/CAJMNS/article/view/2584
Section
Articles
