Efficacy of Stage-Matched Intervention Based on The Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change in Enhancing High School Students’ Decisional Balance of Digital Gaming Behavior: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Keywords:
Adolescents, Problematic Digital Gaming, Gaming Disorder, Addiction
Abstract
Social media and other digital technology are undoubtedly being used by individuals more regularly for informational and entertainment purposes. To alter the internet gaming habits of male high school students, the researcher employed The Transtheoretical Model of Change. Objective: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the Stage-Matched Intervention in altering the digital gaming behavior of male high school students. Methods: A controlled, randomized trial as the basis for the experimental design. The tenth, eleventh, and twelfth grades of a male high school (16–18 years old) were the classes from which the study participants were selected. The study group and the control group, each consisting of 72 students, were chosen from a randomly assigned of participants. The study instrument consists of Lemmens questionnaire (problematic gaming measure), The Stage of Change for problematic gaming, Decisional Balance of digital game use, Oasis measure (anxiety measure), Barratt impulsiveness measure (impulsivity measure), and Cantrill Scale (wellness measure). A self-reporting questionnaire was used to gather the data. Results: Over time, statistically significant differences have been observed between the study and control groups in regard to the Stage of Change, Processes of Change, Decisional Balance, and Self-Efficacy for study group participants. Conclusions: As a result of the intervention that was given, participants were moved to higher Stages of Change. As participants advance through the stages of change, they employ more change processes. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05949905 Registration Date: July 9th, 2023.
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33. Ali HK, Qasim WJ. Readiness to Refrain from Carbonated Drinks among High School Female Students: The Transtheoretical Model of Change as a Theoretical Framework. Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences. 2023 Aug 11;17(04):626-.
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36. Jalil M, Jabbar W. Impact of Smartphones Addiction upon Primary School Pupil's Achievements at Al-Rusafa Educational Directorate in Baghdad City. Iraqi National Journal of Nursing Specialties. 2020 Dec 30;33(2):85-97.
37. Al-ameer A, Jaleel B, Ajil ZW. Association among Teenagers' Daily Type of Food, Sleep Pattern and Physical Exercise on Their Eating Disorders Behaviors. Mosul Journal of Nursing. 2023 Jan 1;11(1):33-42.
2. Sivalingam D, Subbaiyan M. The modern technology are using education for adolescents. Journal of Applied and Advanced Research. 2018 May 10;3(S1):1.
3. Mridha MAA. Impact of Digital Technology on Child Health. Bangladesh Journal of Child Health. 2019 Apr 28;43(1):1–3.
4. Joshi SC, Rose G. Information technology, internet use, and adolescent cognitive development. In2018 3rd International Conference on Computational Systems and Information Technology for Sustainable Solutions (CSITSS) 2018 Dec 20 (pp. 22-28). IEEE.
5. Joshi SC, Rose G. Information technology, internet use, and adolescent cognitive development. In2018 3rd International Conference on Computational Systems and Information Technology for Sustainable Solutions (CSITSS) 2018 Dec 20 (pp. 22-28). IEEE.
6. Tone HJ, Zhao HR, Yan WS. The attraction of online games: An important factor for Internet Addiction. Computers in Human Behavior. 2014 Jan;30:321–7.
7. Worth NC, Book AS. Dimensions of video game behavior and their relationships with personality. Computers in Human Behavior. 2015 Sep 1;50:132-40.
8. ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics. (n.d.). Icd.who.int. Retrieved April 17, 2024, from
https://icd.who.int/browse11/lm/en#/http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f334423054.
9. Masiero M, Lucchiari C, Pravettoni G. Personal Fable: Optimistic Bias in Cigarette Smokers. International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction. 2015 Mar 20;4(1).
10. Younis NM, Naji AB. Evaluation of preventive behaviors of addiction among students: Application of health belief model. Indian J Forensic Med Toxicol. 2021 May 17;15(4):1273-8.
11. Mohammed QQ. Association between Parental Treatment and Aggressive Behaviors among Adolescent Students. Iraqi National Journal of Nursing Specialties. 2023 Jul 5;36(1):36-42.
12. Cheval B, Radel R, Neva JL, Boyd LA, Swinnen SP, Sander D, et al. Behavioral and Neural Evidence of the Rewarding Value of Exercise Behaviors: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine. 2018 Mar 19;48(6):1389–404.
13. Lee HH, Emerson JA, Williams DM. The Exercise–Affect–Adherence Pathway: An Evolutionary Perspective. Frontiers in Psychology. 2016 Aug 25;07.
14. Lieberman DE. Is Exercise Really Medicine? An Evolutionary Perspective. Current Sports Medicine Reports. 2015;14(4):313–9.
15. van der Ploeg HP, Hillsdon M. Is sedentary behaviour just physical inactivity by another name? International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity [Internet]. 2017 Oct 23;14(1). Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5651642/
16. Tremblay MS, Aubert S, Barnes JD, Saunders TJ, Carson V, Latimer-Cheung AE, et al. Sedentary Behavior Research Network (SBRN) – Terminology Consensus Project process and outcome. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity [Internet]. 2017 Jun 10;14(1). Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12966-017-0525-8
17. Oliver M, Duncan S, Kuch C, McPhee J, Schofield G. Prevalence of New Zealand Children and Adolescents Achieving Current Physical Activity and Television Watching Recommendations. Journal of Physical Activity and Health. 2012 Feb;9(2):173–87.
18. O’Brien W, Issartel J, Belton S. Relationship between Physical Activity, Screen Time and Weight Status among Young Adolescents. Sports. 2018 Jun 23;6(3):57.
19. Männikkö N, Billieux J, Nordström T, Koivisto K, Kääriäinen M. Problematic gaming behaviour in Finnish adolescents and young adults: Relation to game genres, gaming motives and self-awareness of problematic use. International journal of mental health and addiction. 2017 Apr;15:324-38.
20. Kinnunen J, Lilja P, Mäyrä F. Player Barometer 2018: Diversifying mobile gaming.
21. Kuss DJ, Griffiths MD. Internet gaming addiction: A systematic review of empirical research. International journal of mental health and addiction. 2012 Apr;10:278-96.
22. Domahidi E, Festl R, Quandt T. To dwell among gamers: Investigating the relationship between social online game use and gaming-related friendships. Computers in Human Behavior. 2014 Jun;35:107–15.
23. Najem S, Mousa AA. Knowledge of paramedical staff regarding drugs addiction in Baghdad City/Iraq. Iraqi Nat J Nurs Specialties. 2018;31:35-50.
24. Kareem HN, Ali EG. Impact of Using Social Media upon the Mental Health of Adolescent Students of preparatory Schools in Al-Diwanyah City. Iraqi National Journal of Nursing Specialties. 2017;30(2).
25. Blackman JS. Review of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), Clinical Handbook of Psychological Disorders: A Step-by-Step Treatment Manual, 5th Edition, and Essentials of Psychiatric Diagnosis: Responding to the Challenges of DSM-V. Psychoanalytic Psychology. 2016 Oct;33(4):651–63.
26. Heo J, Oh J, Subramanian SV, Kim Y, Kawachi I. Addictive Internet Use among Korean Adolescents: A National Survey. Mazza M, editor. PLoS ONE. 2014 Feb 5;9(2):e87819.
27. Mirzaei F, Alizadeh T. Internet abuse addiction and its effect on public health and social and physical pain. Journal of Pain Management. 2022 Apr 1;15(2).
28. Von der Heiden JM, Braun B, Müller KW, Egloff B. The association between video gaming and psychological functioning. Frontiers in psychology. 2019 Jul 26;10:1731.
29. Aljumaily YF, Mohammed TR. The Relationship between Internet Addiction and Adolescents' Demographic Characteristics in Salah Aldeen Governorate. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology. 2021 Aug 31;25(7):552-8.
30. Al-Aboudi SJ. A study of Addictive Inpatients at Ibn-Rushd Psychiatric Teaching Hospital in Baghdad.
31. Gray R, Gray G, Brown E. A review of prospective registration of trials published in nursing science journals in 2017. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2019 Dec;75(12):3263-71.
32. Faust KA. Applying the transtheoretical model to problematic digital game use. University of Rhode Island; 2017.
33. Ali HK, Qasim WJ. Readiness to Refrain from Carbonated Drinks among High School Female Students: The Transtheoretical Model of Change as a Theoretical Framework. Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences. 2023 Aug 11;17(04):626-.
34. Darjal AA, Naji AB. How Ready Are Gym Users to Refrain from Performance-Enhancing Substances? The Transtheoretical Model of Change as a Theoretical Framework. Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences. 2022 Sep 10;16(07):649-.
35. Abbood AM, Naji AB. The Role of the Trans-theoretical Model for Change in Enhancing Glucose level Controlling Behaviour for Clients with Diabetes Mellitus. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2023 Jan 1;90(1):1950-2.
36. Jalil M, Jabbar W. Impact of Smartphones Addiction upon Primary School Pupil's Achievements at Al-Rusafa Educational Directorate in Baghdad City. Iraqi National Journal of Nursing Specialties. 2020 Dec 30;33(2):85-97.
37. Al-ameer A, Jaleel B, Ajil ZW. Association among Teenagers' Daily Type of Food, Sleep Pattern and Physical Exercise on Their Eating Disorders Behaviors. Mosul Journal of Nursing. 2023 Jan 1;11(1):33-42.
Published
2024-07-31
How to Cite
Nghaimesh, M. O., & Abd Ali, M. B. H. (2024). Efficacy of Stage-Matched Intervention Based on The Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change in Enhancing High School Students’ Decisional Balance of Digital Gaming Behavior: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science, 5(4), 221-229. Retrieved from https://cajmns.centralasianstudies.org/index.php/CAJMNS/article/view/2543
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
