Study the Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alfa, Potassium and Some Physiological Parameters in People With Migraine in Samarra City
Abstract
The aim of the research was to find the relationship between certain physiological and biochemical variables and migraine, and to assess their impact on some physiological functions in the body. The experiment was conducted from the beginning of July 2023 until the end of October 2023. Samples were collected from outpatient clinics in the city of Samarra, where 70 blood samples were collected and divided into two groups: 30 controls and 40 patients. The results showed a significant increase in TNF-α levels in migraine patients compared to the control group, along with a significant decrease in Hb and HCT levels and an increase in potassium levels compared to the control group.
References
2. Al-Karagholi, M. A. M., et al. "The K ATP Channel in Migraine Pathophysiology: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Migraine." The Journal of Headache and Pain, vol. 18, 2017, pp. 1-9.
3. ALKARRASH, Mohamad Shadi, et al. Migraine and tension-type headache among undergraduate medical, dental and pharmaceutical students of University of Aleppo: A cross-sectional study. BMJ neurology open, 2021, 3.2.
4. Amiri, P., et al. "Migraine: A Review on Its History, Global Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Comorbidities." *Frontiers in Neurology*, vol. 12, 2022, article 800605.
5. AMIRI, Parastoo, et al. Migraine: a review on its history, global epidemiology, risk factors, and comorbidities. Frontiers in neurology, 2022, 12: 800605.
6. BARANESS, Leeran; BAKER, Annalee M. Acute headache. 2020.
7. Bartley, J. "Could Glial Activation Be a Factor in Migraine?" Medical Hypotheses, vol. 72, no. 3, 2009, pp. 255-257.
8. Berry, M. N., Mazzachi, R. D., Pejakovic, M., and Peake, M. J. (1989). Enzymatic determination of potassium in serum. Clinical chemistry, 35(5), 817–820.
9. Bruno, P. P., et al. "An Overview on Immune System and Migraine." European Review for Medical & Pharmacological Sciences, vol. 11, no. 4, 2007.
10. BUSE, Dawn C., et al. Life with migraine: effects on relationships, career, and finances from the chronic migraine epidemiology and outcomes (CaMEO) study. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, 2019, 59.8: 1286-1299.
11. Edvinsson, L., Haanes, K. A., and Warfvinge, K. "Does Inflammation Have a Role in Migraine?" Nature Reviews Neurology, vol. 15, no. 8, 2019, pp. 483-490.
12. Franceschini, A., et al. "TNFα Levels and Macrophages Expression Reflect an Inflammatory Potential of Trigeminal Ganglia in a Mouse Model of Familial Hemiplegic Migraine." PloS One, vol. 8, no. 1, 2013, pp. e52394.
13. Frank, F., et al. "Migraine and Aura Triggered by Normobaric Hypoxia." *Cephalalgia: An International Journal of Headache*, vol. 40, no. 14, 2020, pp. 1561-1573.
14. GLOVER, Patrick A., et al. Treatment of migraine in patients with CADASIL: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology: Clinical Practice, 2020, 10.6: 488-496.
15. Hamad, N., Alzoubi, K. H., Swedan, S. F., Khabour, O. F., and El-Salem, K. "Association between Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Lymphotoxin Alpha Gene Polymorphisms and Migraine Occurrence among Jordanians." Neurological Sciences, 2021, pp. 1-6
16. Kalliolias, George D., and Lionel B. Ivashkiv. "TNF Biology, Pathogenic Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies." Nature Reviews Rheumatology, vol. 12, no. 1, 2016, pp. 49-62.
17. LEMPERT, Thomas, et al. Vestibular migraine: diagnostic criteria (update). Journal of Vestibular Research, 2022, 32.1: 1-6.
18. MARTIN, Vincent T.; FEOKTISTOV, Alexander; SOLOMON, Glen D. A rational approach to migraine diagnosis and management in primary care. Annals of Medicine, 2021, 53.1: 1969-1980.
19. Odeh, M. *Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia among School Children in Salfeet District*. Doctoral dissertation, 2006
20. PERES, Mario FP; GONÇALVES, Andre Leite; KRYMCHANTOWSKI, Abouch. Migraine, tension-type headache, and transformed migraine. Current Pain and Headache Reports, 2007, 11.6: 449-453.
21. RATTANAWONG, Wanakorn; RAPOPORT, Alan; SRIKIATKHACHORN, Anan. Neurobiology of migraine progression. Neurobiology of Pain, 2022, 12: 100094.
22. Sari, U. S., and Ö. Kama Başci. "Association between Anemia Severity and Migraine in Iron Deficiency Anemia." *European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences*, vol. 28, no. 3, 2024, pp. 995-1001.
23. SCHWEDT, Todd J. Chronic migraine. Bmj, 2014, 348.
24. SHANKAR KIKKERI, N.; NAGALLI, S. Migraine with aura. StatPearls Treasure Island (FL) StatPearls Publishing, 2022.
25. Soveyd, N., et al. "Molecular Mechanisms of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Migraine Headache." Iranian Journal of Neurology, vol. 16, no. 4, 2017, pp. 210.
26. Sudershan, A., et al. "A Comprehensive Investigation of Risk Association Between the-786 T> C,+ 884 G> A, VNTR, rs743506, rs3918226 of eNOS and Susceptibility of Migraine: An Updated Meta-Analysis Utilizing Trial Sequential Analysis." Journal of Molecular Neuroscience, vol. 73, no. 11, 2023
27. Taheri, Mohammad, et al. "Differential Expression of Cytokine-Coding Genes among Migraine Patients with and without Aura and Normal Subjects." Journal of Molecular Neuroscience, vol. 71, 2021, pp. 1197-1204.
28. WÖBER, Christian; WÖBER-BINGÖL, Çiçek. Triggers of migraine and tension-type headache. In: Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Elsevier, 2010. p. 161-172.
29. WONGSIRIROJ, Siriporn, et al. Management of migraine and the accessibility of specialist care: findings from an extended multinational survey (my migraine center survey). Neurology and Therapy, 2020, 9: 551-565.