A Study on the Prevalence of Diabetes in Thi-Qar City
Keywords:
diabetes, Diabetes Mellitus (DM), HLA (human leukocyte antigen) gene, HIV AIDS
Abstract
Diabetes is one serious life disorder whose incidence is rising worldwide. The study was designed to examine the prevalence of 100 patients with diabetes mellitus. Over a period of time, we collected data for patients from Al-Hussein Education Hospital and the Special Centre for Diabetes in Thi-Qar from February 2023 to February 2024, which has been studied according to age, residential area, and sex. According to the study, the risk of developing diabetes increases with age, particularly if the person is losing weight and eating a poor diet. Diabetes becomes more common as people age and become obese. The study also found that the percentage of cases of men with diabetes increases a little more than in women and for different factors. As for the geographical distribution, it was found that urban logicians spread the disease at a higher percentage than in rural areas because of population distribution and other economic factors.
References
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R. Srivatsan, S. Das, R. Gadde, K. K. MANOJ, S. Taduri, and ..., Antioxidants and lipid peroxidation status in diabetic patients with and without complications. sid.ir, 2009. [Online]. Available: https://www.sid.ir/EN/VEWSSID/J_pdf/86920090203.pdf
T. Jansson, Y. Ekstrand, M. Wennergren, and ..., “Placental glucose transport in gestational diabetes mellitus,” American journal of …, 2001, [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002937801928716
A. V Campenhout, C. M. Van Campenhout, and ..., “Transferrin modifications and lipid peroxidation: implications in diabetes mellitus,” Free radical …, 2003, doi: 10.1080/10715760310001600390.
I. S. Young, J. J. Torney, and E. R. Trimble, “The effect of ascorbate supplementation on oxidative stress in the streptozotocin diabetic rat,” Free Radic Biol Med, 1992, [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/089158499290164C
Ö. Yildirim, “The effect of vitamin C and cobalt supplementation on antioxidant status in healthy and diabetic rats,” Afr J Biotechnol, 2009, [Online]. Available: https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajb/article/view/65214
S. Wild, G. Roglic, A. Green, R. Sicree, and H. King, “Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030,” Diabetes Care, 2004, [Online]. Available: https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article-abstract/27/5/1047/27412
S. R. Votey and A. L. Peters, “Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1-A Review-emergency medicine,” Available at: http:/emedicine. medscape. com/article …, 2010.
M. C. Thomas, R. J. MacIsaac, C. Tsalamandris, and ..., “Elevated iron indices in patients with diabetes,” Diabetic …, 2004, doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2004.01196.x.
T. Szkudelski, “The mechanism of alloxan and streptozotocin action in B cells of the rat pancreas,” Physiol Res, 2001, [Online]. Available: https://www.biomed.cas.cz/physiolres/2001/issue6/pdf/szkudelski.pdf
D. A. Slatter, C. H. Bolton, and A. J. Bailey, “The importance of lipid-derived malondialdehyde in diabetes mellitus,” Diabetologia, 2000, doi: 10.1007/s001250051342.
A. Sharma, S. Kharb, S. N. Chugh, R. Kakkar, and ..., “Effect of glycemic control and vitamin E supplementation on total glutathione content in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus,” Annals of Nutrition and …, 2000, [Online]. Available: https://karger.com/anm/article-abstract/44/1/11/33865
A. Sarkar, S. Dash, B. K. Barik, M. S. Muttigi, and ..., “Copper and ceruloplasmin levels in relation to total thiols and GST in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients,” Indian journal of clinical …, 2010, doi: 10.1007/s12291-010-0015-0.
H. Maduka, F. Obi, and Y. Mamza, “Effect of chloroquine on blood glucose and cholesterol levels in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. J. of Boil,” Sciences, 2003.
M. Gupta and S. Chari, “Proxidant and antioxidant status in patients of type II diabetes mellitus with IHD,” Indian journal of clinical biochemistry, 2006, doi: 10.1007/BF02912925.
O. O. Erejuwa, “Oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus: is there a role for hypoglycemic drugs and/or antioxidants,” Oxidative stress and diseases, 2012, [Online]. Available: https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=heKdDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA217&dq=oxidative+stress+in+diabetes+mellitus&ots=pSg_J9N950&sig=UKO-Q_3iMN3BMpnwtHiTvETuFqE
S. Sehmi and S. Osaghae, “Type II diabetes mellitus: new presentation manifesting as Fournier’s gangrene,” JRSM Short Rep, 2011, doi: 10.1258/shorts.2011.011055.
L. Groop, “Genetic and metabolic heterogeneity of diabetes,” International Diabetes Monitor, 2000.
S. Rama, D. Sujata, G. Ranjita, M. K. Krishna, and ..., “Antioxidants and lipid peroxidation status in diabetic patients with and without complications.,” Archives of Iranian …, 2009, [Online]. Available: https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20093113814
A. S. González, D. B. Guerrero, M. B. Soto, S. P. Diaz, and ..., “Metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and the inflammation markers C-reactive protein and ferritin,” European journal of …, 2006, [Online]. Available: https://www.nature.com/articles/1602384
K. E. Innes, T. E. Byers, J. A. Marshall, A. Barón, M. Orleans, and ..., “Association of a woman’s own birth weight with subsequent risk for gestational diabetes,” JAMA, 2002, [Online]. Available: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/194926
V. Jakus, “The role of free radicals, oxidative stress and antioxidant systems in diabetic vascular disease,” Bratisl Lek Listy, 2000, [Online]. Available: http://bmj.fmed.uniba.sk/2000/10110-01.PDF
R. Dolhofer-Bliesener, B. Lechner, and K. D. Gerbitz, Possible significance of advanced glycation end products in serum in end-stage renal disease and in late complications of diabetes. degruyter.com, 1996. doi: 10.1515/cclm.1996.34.4.355.
M. A. M. Abou-Seif and A. A. Youssef, Oxidative stress and male IGF-1, gonadotropin and related hormones in diabetic patients. degruyter.com, 2001. doi: 10.1515/CCLM.2001.099.
Z. Saadia, S. Rushdi, M. Alsheha, H. Saeed, and ..., “A study of knowledge attitude and practices of Saudi women towards diabetes mellitus. A (KAP) study in Al-Qassim region,” The Internet Journal of …, 2010, [Online]. Available: https://www.academia.edu/download/92971422/10491.pdf
E. N. Carvalho, N. A. S. Carvalho, and L. M. Ferreira, “Experimental model of induction of diabetes mellitus in rats,” Acta Cir Bras, 2003, [Online]. Available: https://www.scielo.br/j/acb/a/bt8YDds3qqMp6LGwY3gNwbp/?lang=en
M. A. El-Missiry and A. M. El Gindy, “Amelioration of Alloxan Induced Diabetes mellitus and Oxidative Stress in Rats by Oil of Eruca sativa Seeds,” Ann Nutr Metab, 2000, [Online]. Available: https://karger.com/anm/article-abstract/44/3/97/36951
M. M. Sulaiman, I. Chiroma, A. A. Ndahi, and ..., “Pattern of Dyslipidaemia among Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease, in Northeastern Nigeria,” … of Research in …, 2022, [Online]. Available: http://research.sdpublishers.net/id/eprint/17/
D. N. Zohar, L. Seluk, H. Yonath, and ..., “… -MDA5 Positive Dermatomyositis Associated with Rapidly Progressive Interstitial Lung Disease and Correlation between Serum Ferritin Level and Treatment …,” Mediterranean journal …, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7219642/
B. K. Bailes, “Diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications,” AORN J, 2002, [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000120920661065X
M. J. C. Jr, J. J. Sterrett, and D. S. Carson, “Diabetes guidelines: a summary and comparison of the recommendations of the American Diabetes Association, Veterans Health Administration, and American …,” Clin Ther, 2000, [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149291800800636
A. M. Ahmed, “History of diabetes mellitus,” Saudi Med J, 2002, [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Awad-Ahmed-2/publication/291274449_history_of_diabetes_mellitus/links/569f37b808aee4d26ad06c05/history-of-diabetes-mellitus.pdf?utm_medium=email&utm_source=transaction
V. Viswanathan, C. Snehalatha, R. Kumutha, and ..., “Serum albumin levels in different stages of type 2 diabetic nephropathy patients,” Indian Journal of …, 2004, [Online]. Available: https://journals.lww.com/ijon/citation/2004/14030/serum_albumin_levels_in_different_stages_of_type_2.3.aspx
N. C. Borle, E. A. Ryan, and R. Greiner, “The challenge of predicting blood glucose concentration changes in patients with type I diabetes,” Health Informatics J, 2021, doi: 10.1177/1460458220977584.
V. O. Mabayoje, E. O. Akanni, G. O. Arinola, and R. O. Hassan, “Plasma transferrin and caeruloplasmin levels in Nigerians with diabetes mellitus,” Int J Trop Med, 2010, [Online]. Available: https://www.academia.edu/download/74423887/Plasma_Transferrin_and_Caeruloplasmin_Le20211108-30875-1nf8j3h.pdf
M. M. Engelgau, “Diabetes diagnostic criteria and impaired glycemic states: evolving evidence base,” Clinical Diabetes, 2004, [Online]. Available: https://diabetesjournals.org/clinical/article-abstract/22/2/69/945
A. Saxena and N. K. Vikram, “Role of selected Indian plants in management of type 2 diabetes: a review,” The Journal of Alternative &Complementary …, 2004, doi: 10.1089/107555304323062365.
H. J. Wu and Y. Xin, “METRONOMIC PACLITAXEL COMBINED WITH (-)-EPIGALIOCATECHIN-3-GALLATE INHIBITS GROWTH OF GASTRIC CANCER,” ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY, 2011.
M. Zowczak, M. Iskra, J. Paszkowski, M. Mańczak, and ..., “Oxidase activity of ceruloplasmin and concentrations of copper and zinc in serum of cancer patients,” … in medicine and biology, 2001, [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0946672X01800663
M. Phillips, R. N. Cataneo, T. Cheema, and J. Greenberg, “Increased breath biomarkers of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus,” Clinica chimica acta, 2004, [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009898104001123
D. A. Nealon, S. M. Pettit, and A. R. Henderson, “Activation of human creatine kinase isoenzymes by pH and various sulfhydryl and chelating agents.,” Clin Chem, 1981, [Online]. Available: https://academic.oup.com/clinchem/article-abstract/27/3/402/5666713
O. Zagorski, A. Maman, A. Yaffe, A. Meisler, and ..., “Insulin in milk-a comparative study,” International Journal of …, 1998, [Online]. Available: https://www.bio-asli.com/kopisusuunta/downloadarticle/zagorski-1998%20insulin%20study.pdf
K. Siemianowicz, J. Gminski, and ..., “Blood antioxidant parameters in patients with diabetic retinopathy,” International …, 2004, doi: 10.3892/ijmm.14.3.433.
R. Srivatsan, S. Das, R. Gadde, K. K. MANOJ, S. Taduri, and ..., Antioxidants and lipid peroxidation status in diabetic patients with and without complications. sid.ir, 2009. [Online]. Available: https://www.sid.ir/EN/VEWSSID/J_pdf/86920090203.pdf
T. Jansson, Y. Ekstrand, M. Wennergren, and ..., “Placental glucose transport in gestational diabetes mellitus,” American journal of …, 2001, [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002937801928716
A. V Campenhout, C. M. Van Campenhout, and ..., “Transferrin modifications and lipid peroxidation: implications in diabetes mellitus,” Free radical …, 2003, doi: 10.1080/10715760310001600390.
I. S. Young, J. J. Torney, and E. R. Trimble, “The effect of ascorbate supplementation on oxidative stress in the streptozotocin diabetic rat,” Free Radic Biol Med, 1992, [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/089158499290164C
Ö. Yildirim, “The effect of vitamin C and cobalt supplementation on antioxidant status in healthy and diabetic rats,” Afr J Biotechnol, 2009, [Online]. Available: https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajb/article/view/65214
S. Wild, G. Roglic, A. Green, R. Sicree, and H. King, “Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030,” Diabetes Care, 2004, [Online]. Available: https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article-abstract/27/5/1047/27412
S. R. Votey and A. L. Peters, “Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1-A Review-emergency medicine,” Available at: http:/emedicine. medscape. com/article …, 2010.
M. C. Thomas, R. J. MacIsaac, C. Tsalamandris, and ..., “Elevated iron indices in patients with diabetes,” Diabetic …, 2004, doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2004.01196.x.
T. Szkudelski, “The mechanism of alloxan and streptozotocin action in B cells of the rat pancreas,” Physiol Res, 2001, [Online]. Available: https://www.biomed.cas.cz/physiolres/2001/issue6/pdf/szkudelski.pdf
D. A. Slatter, C. H. Bolton, and A. J. Bailey, “The importance of lipid-derived malondialdehyde in diabetes mellitus,” Diabetologia, 2000, doi: 10.1007/s001250051342.
A. Sharma, S. Kharb, S. N. Chugh, R. Kakkar, and ..., “Effect of glycemic control and vitamin E supplementation on total glutathione content in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus,” Annals of Nutrition and …, 2000, [Online]. Available: https://karger.com/anm/article-abstract/44/1/11/33865
A. Sarkar, S. Dash, B. K. Barik, M. S. Muttigi, and ..., “Copper and ceruloplasmin levels in relation to total thiols and GST in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients,” Indian journal of clinical …, 2010, doi: 10.1007/s12291-010-0015-0.
H. Maduka, F. Obi, and Y. Mamza, “Effect of chloroquine on blood glucose and cholesterol levels in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. J. of Boil,” Sciences, 2003.
M. Gupta and S. Chari, “Proxidant and antioxidant status in patients of type II diabetes mellitus with IHD,” Indian journal of clinical biochemistry, 2006, doi: 10.1007/BF02912925.
O. O. Erejuwa, “Oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus: is there a role for hypoglycemic drugs and/or antioxidants,” Oxidative stress and diseases, 2012, [Online]. Available: https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=heKdDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA217&dq=oxidative+stress+in+diabetes+mellitus&ots=pSg_J9N950&sig=UKO-Q_3iMN3BMpnwtHiTvETuFqE
S. Sehmi and S. Osaghae, “Type II diabetes mellitus: new presentation manifesting as Fournier’s gangrene,” JRSM Short Rep, 2011, doi: 10.1258/shorts.2011.011055.
L. Groop, “Genetic and metabolic heterogeneity of diabetes,” International Diabetes Monitor, 2000.
S. Rama, D. Sujata, G. Ranjita, M. K. Krishna, and ..., “Antioxidants and lipid peroxidation status in diabetic patients with and without complications.,” Archives of Iranian …, 2009, [Online]. Available: https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20093113814
A. S. González, D. B. Guerrero, M. B. Soto, S. P. Diaz, and ..., “Metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and the inflammation markers C-reactive protein and ferritin,” European journal of …, 2006, [Online]. Available: https://www.nature.com/articles/1602384
K. E. Innes, T. E. Byers, J. A. Marshall, A. Barón, M. Orleans, and ..., “Association of a woman’s own birth weight with subsequent risk for gestational diabetes,” JAMA, 2002, [Online]. Available: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/194926
V. Jakus, “The role of free radicals, oxidative stress and antioxidant systems in diabetic vascular disease,” Bratisl Lek Listy, 2000, [Online]. Available: http://bmj.fmed.uniba.sk/2000/10110-01.PDF
R. Dolhofer-Bliesener, B. Lechner, and K. D. Gerbitz, Possible significance of advanced glycation end products in serum in end-stage renal disease and in late complications of diabetes. degruyter.com, 1996. doi: 10.1515/cclm.1996.34.4.355.
M. A. M. Abou-Seif and A. A. Youssef, Oxidative stress and male IGF-1, gonadotropin and related hormones in diabetic patients. degruyter.com, 2001. doi: 10.1515/CCLM.2001.099.
Z. Saadia, S. Rushdi, M. Alsheha, H. Saeed, and ..., “A study of knowledge attitude and practices of Saudi women towards diabetes mellitus. A (KAP) study in Al-Qassim region,” The Internet Journal of …, 2010, [Online]. Available: https://www.academia.edu/download/92971422/10491.pdf
Published
2024-03-13
How to Cite
Ouda, L. K. (2024). A Study on the Prevalence of Diabetes in Thi-Qar City. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science, 5(2), 9-15. https://doi.org/10.17605/cajmns.v5i2.2395
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