Study the Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Cultivation and Growth of Algae Chlorella vulgaris
Keywords:
Chlorella vulgaris, Chlorella, algae, nitrogen fertilizer, cultivation
Abstract
The study investigated the potential of Chlorella vulgaris to promote agricultural plant growth while inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms. Chlorella algae, purified from the Al-Gharraf River and cultured on Chu-10 medium, were examined under different conditions. The use of urea fertilizer led to varying Chlorella numbers across growth stages, with increases in early stages and a subsequent decrease. Additionally, three urea concentrations (3%, 5%, and 10%) were compared with a control treatment. Results showed Chlorella numbers reaching 50 cells per 100 mL on the seventh day and 400 cells per 100 mL on the fifth day. While the optimal cultivation conditions for Chlorella vulgaris were explored, revealing daylight, a temperature of 25°C as conducive to algae growth. The effective culture medium consisted of the Chu-10 medium. This research suggests the potential of Chlorella biomass for creating biopesticides and growth stimulators.
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M. Muse, Characterisation of Chlorella vulgaris cell wall breakdown to improve Anaerobic Hydrolysis. vuir.vu.edu.au, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://vuir.vu.edu.au/42502/
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C. Safi, B. Zebib, O. Merah, P. Y. Pontalier, and ..., “Morphology, composition, production, processing and applications of Chlorella vulgaris: A review,” … and sustainable energy …, 2014, [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032114002342
M. Yamamoto, M. Fujishita, A. Hirata, and S. Kawano, “Regeneration and maturation of daughter cell walls in the autospore-forming green alga Chlorella vulgaris (Chlorophyta, Trebouxiophyceae),” J Plant Res, 2004, doi: 10.1007/s10265-004-0154-6.
J. U. Grobbelaar, “Algal nutrition: mineral nutrition.,” … of microalgal culture: biotechnology and applied …, 2004, [Online]. Available: https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20053041942
E. B. Sydney, A. C. N. Sydney, J. C. de Carvalho, and C. R. Soccol, “Potential carbon fixation of industrially important microalgae,” Biofuels from algae, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444641922000044
J. Champenois, H. Marfaing, and R. Pierre, “Review of the taxonomic revision of Chlorella and consequences for its food uses in Europe,” J Appl Phycol, 2015, doi: 10.1007/s10811-014-0431-2.
M. Al-Aarajy, Studies on the mass culture of some microalgae as food for fish larvae. PH. D Thesis, Univ. of Basrah, 1996.
L. Barsanti and P. Gualtieri, Algae: anatomy, biochemistry, and biotechnology. taylorfrancis.com, 2022. doi: 10.1201/9781003187707.
C. M. Palmer, “A COMPOSITE RATING OF ALGAE TOLERATING ORGANIC POLLUTION2,” J Phycol, 1969, doi: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.1969.tb02581.x.
J. R. Postgate, Nitrogen fixation. books.google.com, 1998. [Online]. Available: https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=eRrt6v3Y2rcC&oi=fnd&pg=PP9&dq=nitrogen+fixation&ots=Xd2dpjW2zi&sig=Lh0v2HlL027Fpoe7bs7OhatFh50
R. W. Howarth, D. B. Anderson, J. E. Cloern, C. Elfring, and ..., “Nutrient pollution of coastal rivers, bays, and seas,” Issues in …, 2000, [Online]. Available: https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70174406
J. S. Al-Abedi, “Guide to the uses of chemical fertilizers and organic in Iraq,” … Agricultural Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture of Iraq, 2011.
B. Murawska, E. Spychaj-Fabisiak, and ..., “Effect of organic and mineral fertilization on the properties of podsolic soil,” … Techniczno-Rolniczej w …, 1993, [Online]. Available: https://agris.fao.org/search/en/providers/122651/records/6471f63d77fd37171a71f707
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V. E. Wiedeman, P. L. Walne, and ..., “A new technique for obtaining axenic cultures of algae,” Canadian journal of …, 1964, doi: 10.1139/b64-085.
A. Kamarianos, X. Karamanlis, T. Kousouris, G. Fotis, and ..., “Ecological studies on the Kerkini reservoir (N Greece) II. Biological Features,” GeoJournal, 1993, doi: 10.1007/BF00807538.
D. M. Anderson, P. M. Glibert, and J. M. Burkholder, “Harmful algal blooms and eutrophication: nutrient sources, composition, and consequences,” Estuaries, 2002, doi: 10.1007/bf02804901.
I. Lavoie, W. F. Vincent, R. Pienitz, and ..., “Benthic algae as bioindicators of agricultural pollution in the streams and rivers of southern Québec (Canada),” Aquatic …, 2004, [Online]. Available: https://scholarlypublishingcollective.org/msup/aehm/article-abstract/7/1/43/170903
G. Prescott, “Algae of the Western Great lake aria 6th ed,” William, C. Brown Co. Publisher Dubugue Towa, 1975.
C. R. Goldman and A. J. Horne, Limnology. agris.fao.org, 1983. [Online]. Available: https://agris.fao.org/search/en/providers/122535/records/6471278e9dd8810bf64d9740
C. H. Hsieh and W. T. Wu, “Cultivation of microalgae for oil production with a cultivation strategy of urea limitation,” Bioresour Technol, 2009, [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960852409002740
R. Serra-Maia, O. Bernard, A. Gonçalves, S. Bensalem, and ..., “Influence of temperature on Chlorella vulgaris growth and mortality rates in a photobioreactor. Algal Res 18: 352–359.” 2016.
…, A. M. Prentice, N. S. Maxwell, and ..., “Environmental heat stress on maternal physiology and fetal blood flow in pregnant subsistence farmers in The Gambia, west Africa: an observational cohort …,” The Lancet Planetary …, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(22)00242-X/fulltext
R. M. C. Jansen, K. Takayama, J. Wildt, J. W. Hofstee, and ..., “Trends in plant science: detecting air-borne chemicals sent off by plants to monitor their state of health,” …, 2009, [Online]. Available: https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/fulltext/7278
L. Campanella, G. Crescentini, and P. Avino, “Chemical composition and nutritional evaluation of some natural and commercial food products based on Spirulina,” Analusis, 1999, [Online]. Available: https://analusis.edpsciences.org/articles/analusis/abs/1999/06/campanella/campanella.html
H. Y. K. Al-Rikabi, “The use of mass cultures of some types of microalgae in poultry feed”, Doctoral thesis. College of Science, University of Basra, 2003.
S. H. A. Al-Hasnawi, ‘The biochemical content of some microalgae and the effect of some environmental factors and pollutants on unsaturated fatty acids”, Master Thesis. College of Science, Dhi Qar University, 2015.
Published
2024-03-12
How to Cite
Al-Ghizzi, M. A. B., Khalef, W. F., Al-Moussawi, D. K., & Al-Janabi, Z. Z. (2024). Study the Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Cultivation and Growth of Algae Chlorella vulgaris. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science, 5(2), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.17605/cajmns.v5i2.2394
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