Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori among Patients Attended Private Clinic in Kirkuk-Iraq
Keywords:
Helicobacter, pylori, Private, Clinic, Kirkuk-Iraq
Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori is one of important gastrointestinal microorganism in which more
than half the world's population was infected including Iraq.
Patients and Methods: The study was carried out in Kirkuk private clinic for period from June 2022
until April 2023.Three hundred participants included in this study, of both sexes. The age of
participants were ranging from below 10 up to 70 years old. H. pylori was detected in both blood
serum and feces.
Results: The present study found that among 300 participants attended Kirkuk private clinic,
examined for detection H. pylori among them, using both blood serum and stools. Results showed
that the overall rate of positive H. pylori antibody was (57.95%) while H. pylori antigen was
(28.0%) .The rate of both antibody and antigen in female were greater than males. The highest rate
of infection was among 21-30 years followed by 31-40 and 41-50 years. Regarding occupations, the
highest rate was among house wives, followed by students and employee and the lowest was among
free business.
Conclusions: It is concluded that the prevalence of H. pylori among private clinic in Kirkuk is high,
and infection occurred in different age groups and occupations.
References
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Zamani M, Vahedi A, Maghdouri Z, Shokri-Shirvanni J. (2017). Role of food in environmental transmission of Helicobacter pylori. Casp. J. Intern. Med., 8, 146-152.
Silva DG, Steven RH, Macedo JM., Albano RM. (2010). Presence of Helicobacter pylori in supragingival dental plague of individual with periodontal disease and upper gastric diseases. Arch Oral Biol., 55: 896-901.
Majeed DM and Tahir SS. (2022). The role of Helicobacter pylori in the causation of laryngopharyngeal disorder in specialized Allegic Center/ Kirkuk-Iraq. Al-Kitab J. Pure Sciences, 3(2): 201-207.
Majeed PD and Koshnaw KJ (2020). Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among patients with gastrointestinal disorders in Erbil City. Diyala J. Medicine, 18(1): 91-101.
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Bashdar M, Saleem SQ Ahmed HF (2013). The prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori among university students in Iraq. 0974-5645. Cited in Abdul Razaq AA, et al. 2017.
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AlHashimi RAH, Alsaad RKA, Alhilfi HSQ and Althaalibi SMJ (2017). Helicobacter pylori infection. Epidemiology , Endoscopic findingsand associated socio-demographic factors in uninvestigated dyspepsia in the people of Misan, Iraq. J. Gastrointest Disord. Liver Func, 3(2): 109-113.
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Alazmi WM, Siddique I, Alateeqi N and Al-Nakib B (2010). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among new outpatients with dyspepsia in Kuwait. B.M.C. Gastroenterology, 10(4): 1-4.
Alhussaini MS (2016). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori among patients with different gastrointestinal disorders in Saudi Arabia. Med J Indones, 25(4): 214-20.
Khoder G, Muhammad J S, Mohmoud I, Soliman SSM, Burucoa C. (2019). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori and its associated factors among healthy asymptomatic residents in the United Arab Emirates . Pathogens, 8(2): 1-14. doi. 10.3390.
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Alim A, Atas M, Gunes T, Ozkan S, Dundar N.. (2010). Comparison of antigen and antibody detection tests used for diagnosing the Helicobacter pylori infection in symptomatic patients. Basic Clin. Sci, 1(4): 61-70.
Vale FF and Vitor JMB (2010). Transmission of pathway of Helicobacter pylori: Does food play a role in rural and urban areas?. Inter. J. Food Microbiology, 138: 1 12.
Mladenova I, Durazzo M, Pellicano R. (2006). Transmission of Helicobacter pylori: are there evidences for a fecal-oral route?. Minerva Med, 97(1): 15-8.
Goodman KJ, Correa P, Tengana AUX HJ, Ramirez H, Delany JP, Guerrero Pepinosa O et al., (1996). Helicobacter pylori infection in Colombian Andes: a population-based study of transmission paths. Am. J. Epidemiology , 144(3): 290-299.
Megraud FI (1995). Transmission of Helicobacter pylori: fecal-oral versus oral-oral route. Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 9(2): 85-91.
Franceschi F, Annalisa T, Teresa DR, Giovanna DA, Ianiro G, Franco S. et al. (2014). Role of Helicobacter pylori infection on nutrition and metabolism . World J. Gastroenterol, 20(36): 12809-12817. (Cross Ref).
Oztekin M, , Yilmaz B, Agagubduz D and Capasso R (2021). Overview of Helicobacter pylori infection: Clinical features, treatment and nutritional aspects. Diseases, Dec. 9(4): 66. Published on line.
Daniel WW. (2014): Biostatistics A foundation for analysis in the Health Science. 5 th edition , John Wiley and sons, USA.
Haji HO, Anwer SS, Zaki SM, Mustafa BB, Abdulla AA, Hassan GJ. (2020). Prevalence And detection of Helicobacter pylori among patients in Rizgary hospital using stool antigen test-Erbil City. J. Kirkuk Medical College, 8(1): 142-148.
Bani-Hani K and Hamouri S. (2001). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Northern Jordan Endoscopic based study. Saudi Medical J., 22(10): 843-7.
Mezmale, L, Coelho LG, Bordin D, Leja M. (2020). Review: Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori. 25 suppl. 1,e 12734.
Vilachone RK, Mahachai V, Shiota S, Uchida T, Ratanachu-ek T, Tshering L. et al. (2013). Extremely high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Bhutan. World J. Gastroenterol., 19, 2806-2810. (Cross Ref.)
Uyanikoglu A, Coskun M, Binici DN, Siir U, Kibar YI, Ahmet T. (2012). Frequency of Helicobacter pylori in patients underwent endoscopy. Dicle Tip Derg. 39: 197-200.
Yucel T, Aygin D, Sen S and Yucel O. (2008). The prevalence of H. pylori and related factors among university students in Turkey. Japanese J. Infectious Diseases, 61(3): 179-183.
Kheyree H, Morais S, Ferro A, Rute Costa A, Norton P, Lunet N, Paleteiro B. (2018). The occupational risk of Helicobacter pylori infection: A systematic review. Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 91(6): 657-674.
Saber FO, and Ali MK (2022). Isolation and identification of H. pylori among Iraq patients with chronic gastric inflammation. J. Faculty Medicine, Baghdad, 64(2): 102-108.
Gunji T, Matsuhashi N, Sato H, Fujibayashi K, Okumura M, Sasabe N, Urabe A (2009). Helicobacter pylori infection significantly increases insulin resistance in the asymptomatic Japanese population. Helicobacter, 14: 144-150.
Wang Z, Liu Y, Peng Y, Peng L, Fujibayashi K, Okumura M, Sasabe N, Urabe A. (2022). Helicobacter pylori infection –A risk factor for irritable bowl syndrome ? An updated systemic review and meta analysis. Medicine 58(8): 1035; https://doi.org/ 10.3390/medicina5808 1035.
Abdul Razaq AA, Pambuk A, and Salman YJ (2017). Role vof HelIcobacter pylori in gastrointestinal tract disorders (GITDs) among patients in Kirkuk City, Iraq. Biosci Biotech. Res. Asia. 14(3): 1159-1164.
Mehata S, Parajuli KR, Pant ND, Rayamajhee B, Yadav UN, Mehta RK. et al. (2016). Prevalence and correlates of Helicobacter pylori infection among under-five children, adolescent and non-pregnant women in Nepal: Further analysis of Nepal national micronutrient status survey, PloS NegI. Trop. Dis, 15, e0009510. (Cross Ref).
Zamani M, Vahedi A, Maghdouri Z, Shokri-Shirvanni J. (2017). Role of food in environmental transmission of Helicobacter pylori. Casp. J. Intern. Med., 8, 146-152.
Silva DG, Steven RH, Macedo JM., Albano RM. (2010). Presence of Helicobacter pylori in supragingival dental plague of individual with periodontal disease and upper gastric diseases. Arch Oral Biol., 55: 896-901.
Majeed DM and Tahir SS. (2022). The role of Helicobacter pylori in the causation of laryngopharyngeal disorder in specialized Allegic Center/ Kirkuk-Iraq. Al-Kitab J. Pure Sciences, 3(2): 201-207.
Majeed PD and Koshnaw KJ (2020). Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among patients with gastrointestinal disorders in Erbil City. Diyala J. Medicine, 18(1): 91-101.
Al-Mashhadany DA, Ismael LQ, Zaki AM.(2018). Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori among human in Erbil Governorate, Kurdistan region, Iraq. Life Science Information Publications 4(2): 269-272.
-Al-Mossawei MT, Razooqi WH, and Abdulrazzaq S (2016). Detection of Helicobacter pylori IgG and IgM Antibodies In Iraqi Dyspeptic patients. J. Biotechnology Research Center, 10(1): 5-9.
Bashdar M, Saleem SQ Ahmed HF (2013). The prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori among university students in Iraq. 0974-5645. Cited in Abdul Razaq AA, et al. 2017.
Ali A J (2018). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients complaining of epigastric pain and dyspepsia , Mosul, Iraq. Sci . J. Med. Res., 2(8): 187-188.
AlHashimi RAH, Alsaad RKA, Alhilfi HSQ and Althaalibi SMJ (2017). Helicobacter pylori infection. Epidemiology , Endoscopic findingsand associated socio-demographic factors in uninvestigated dyspepsia in the people of Misan, Iraq. J. Gastrointest Disord. Liver Func, 3(2): 109-113.
Alatbee, AHD (2019). High prevalence of helicobacter pylori in Basra city Southern of Iraq. IOP Conf. Series: Journalof Physics: Conf. Series, 1279, 012073.
A-Ameri GA and Alkadasi MN (2013). The prevalence of Helicobabacter pylori and risk factors infection associated in Taiz city, Yemen. Int J. Curr Microbiol. App Sci. 2(8): 226-233.
Alazmi WM, Siddique I, Alateeqi N and Al-Nakib B (2010). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among new outpatients with dyspepsia in Kuwait. B.M.C. Gastroenterology, 10(4): 1-4.
Alhussaini MS (2016). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori among patients with different gastrointestinal disorders in Saudi Arabia. Med J Indones, 25(4): 214-20.
Khoder G, Muhammad J S, Mohmoud I, Soliman SSM, Burucoa C. (2019). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori and its associated factors among healthy asymptomatic residents in the United Arab Emirates . Pathogens, 8(2): 1-14. doi. 10.3390.
Reiisi S, Shahi H, Shahi S and Damavandi MS (2017). Determination of ABO/Rh blood group, sex and age with severity of Helicobacter pylori infection in Iranian gastrointestinal patients. I.J. M.M. 11(2): 81-86.
Alim A, Atas M, Gunes T, Ozkan S, Dundar N.. (2010). Comparison of antigen and antibody detection tests used for diagnosing the Helicobacter pylori infection in symptomatic patients. Basic Clin. Sci, 1(4): 61-70.
Vale FF and Vitor JMB (2010). Transmission of pathway of Helicobacter pylori: Does food play a role in rural and urban areas?. Inter. J. Food Microbiology, 138: 1 12.
Mladenova I, Durazzo M, Pellicano R. (2006). Transmission of Helicobacter pylori: are there evidences for a fecal-oral route?. Minerva Med, 97(1): 15-8.
Goodman KJ, Correa P, Tengana AUX HJ, Ramirez H, Delany JP, Guerrero Pepinosa O et al., (1996). Helicobacter pylori infection in Colombian Andes: a population-based study of transmission paths. Am. J. Epidemiology , 144(3): 290-299.
Megraud FI (1995). Transmission of Helicobacter pylori: fecal-oral versus oral-oral route. Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 9(2): 85-91.
Franceschi F, Annalisa T, Teresa DR, Giovanna DA, Ianiro G, Franco S. et al. (2014). Role of Helicobacter pylori infection on nutrition and metabolism . World J. Gastroenterol, 20(36): 12809-12817. (Cross Ref).
Oztekin M, , Yilmaz B, Agagubduz D and Capasso R (2021). Overview of Helicobacter pylori infection: Clinical features, treatment and nutritional aspects. Diseases, Dec. 9(4): 66. Published on line.
Daniel WW. (2014): Biostatistics A foundation for analysis in the Health Science. 5 th edition , John Wiley and sons, USA.
Haji HO, Anwer SS, Zaki SM, Mustafa BB, Abdulla AA, Hassan GJ. (2020). Prevalence And detection of Helicobacter pylori among patients in Rizgary hospital using stool antigen test-Erbil City. J. Kirkuk Medical College, 8(1): 142-148.
Bani-Hani K and Hamouri S. (2001). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Northern Jordan Endoscopic based study. Saudi Medical J., 22(10): 843-7.
Mezmale, L, Coelho LG, Bordin D, Leja M. (2020). Review: Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori. 25 suppl. 1,e 12734.
Vilachone RK, Mahachai V, Shiota S, Uchida T, Ratanachu-ek T, Tshering L. et al. (2013). Extremely high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Bhutan. World J. Gastroenterol., 19, 2806-2810. (Cross Ref.)
Uyanikoglu A, Coskun M, Binici DN, Siir U, Kibar YI, Ahmet T. (2012). Frequency of Helicobacter pylori in patients underwent endoscopy. Dicle Tip Derg. 39: 197-200.
Yucel T, Aygin D, Sen S and Yucel O. (2008). The prevalence of H. pylori and related factors among university students in Turkey. Japanese J. Infectious Diseases, 61(3): 179-183.
Kheyree H, Morais S, Ferro A, Rute Costa A, Norton P, Lunet N, Paleteiro B. (2018). The occupational risk of Helicobacter pylori infection: A systematic review. Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 91(6): 657-674.
Published
2024-02-26
How to Cite
Abdul-Aziz, Z. M., Faeq, G. M., & Kadir, M. A. (2024). Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori among Patients Attended Private Clinic in Kirkuk-Iraq. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science, 5(1), 649-656. Retrieved from https://cajmns.centralasianstudies.org/index.php/CAJMNS/article/view/2390
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