Hydrochemical Evaluation and Coliform Assessments of Gruondwater for Domestic Use in Ekeki Yenagoa, Yenagoa Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Abstract
Seven groundwater samples were taken from seven different boreholes in Ekeki, Yenagaa, Bayelsa State. The goal of this research was to find out if the groundwater was safe for human consumption. We looked at eighteen different physicochemical parameters and compared them to the standards set by WHO in 2011. Findings indicate that electrical conductivity can be as low as 60.40 scm-1 and as high as 238 scm-1, and that pH can range from 480 to 556 millimolar. Salinity in the study area varies from 0.02 to 0.11 mg/l, turbidity from 0.058 to 25.72 mg/l, and total dissolved solids (TDS) from 30.20 to 119 mg/l. The ocean provides these qualities. The anions were tested, and the results showed concentrations of chloride between 3.0 and 21.0 mg/l, sulfate between 3.2 and 5.48 mg/l, and nitrate between 0.135 and 0.329 mg/l. The four most common cations measured in groundwater are calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium. There is a wide variation in their individual concentrations: 7.32–12.48 mg/l, 2.65–3.40 mg/l, 4.17–6.34 mg/l, and 0.85–2.41 mg/l. Iron, manganese, and heavy metal concentrations range from 0.32 mg/l to 2.90 mg/l and from 0.01 mg/l to 0.038 mg/l, respectively. Dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand were also calculated (COD). Concentration ranges for these three variables were as follows: 4.83–5.44.8 mg/l, 88–124.8 mg/l, and 119–185.62 mg/l. The water met all of the World Health Organization's criteria for potability except for the iron, turbidity, and biological oxygen demand (BOD) (WHO, 2011). There should be coliform treatment in both the second and third boreholes.
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