The Interplay of Thyroid Hormones, Body Mass Index, and Kidney Function in Wasit City: Implications for Metabolic Health
Keywords:
body mass index, Thyroid gland, kidney function, glomerular filtration
Abstract
The research discusses the challenges in assessing obesity in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and the limitations of using Body Mass Index (BMI) for this purpose. It also touches on the potential connection between BMI, particularly underweight, and kidney disease , use of urea and creatinine concentrations to evaluate renal function and mentions the common clinical presentations of kidney disease. Lastly, it notes the impact of CKD on thyroid hormone levels. To assess thyroid hormones (FT3, FT4 and TSH) in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients it included 50 patients, 29 were males and 21 were females and their age range from 20 to 60 years. The patient was diagnosed as having renal failure for both sex based on the history and clinical examination. The control groups were 30; they were collected from medical staff and relatives who were free from signs and symptoms of renal disease, lipid disorders, and thyroid hormones disorders. 20 were males and 10 were females, and their ages range from22 to 66 years. BMI has a positive significant correlation with gender , and it has a negative significant relationship with T4.TSH showed a significant negative correlation with T3 and T4 and a significant positive relationship with kidney failure Serum urea and creatinine concentrations in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients were found to be significantly high compared with control group (P<0.001).Serum FT3, FT4 and TSH concentrations in CRF patients were found to be no significantly lower compared with control group.
References
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32. Mian, A. N., & Schwartz, G. J. (2017). Measurement and estimation of glomerular filtration rate in children. Advances in chronic kidney disease, 24(6), 348-356.
33. Kraut, J. A., & Madias, N. E. (2017). Adverse effects of the metabolic acidosis of chronic kidney disease. Advances in chronic kidney disease, 24(5), 289-297.
34. Narasaki, Y., Sohn, P., & Rhee, C. M. (2021, March). The interplay between thyroid dysfunction and kidney disease. In Seminars in nephrology (Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 133-143). WB Saunders.
35. Gungor, O., Ulu, S., Hasbal, N. B., Anker, S. D., & Kalantar‐Zadeh, K. (2021). Effects of hormonal changes on sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease: where are we now and what can we do?. Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 12(6), 1380-1392.
36. Rhee, C. M. (2016). The interaction between thyroid and kidney disease: an overview of the evidence. Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity, 23(5), 407.
37. Hussein, S., & Ali, S. J. (2019). Serum thyroid hormones and cortisol in patients with chronic renal failure. The Medical Journal Of Tikrit University, 25(1), 1-6.
38. Kadoya, M., Koyama, S., Morimoto, A., Miyoshi, A., Kakutani, M., Hamamoto, K., ... & Koyama, H. (2017). Serum macro TSH level is associated with sleep quality in patients with cardiovascular risks–HSCAA Study. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 44387.
39. Rizzo, L. F., Mana, D. L., & Serra, H. A. (2017). Drug-induced hypothyroidism. Medicina (Buenos Aires), 77(5), 394-404.
40. Fan, J., Yan, P., Wang, Y., Shen, B., Ding, F., & Liu, Y. (2016). Prevalence and clinical significance of low T3 syndrome in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease. Medical science monitor: international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 22, 1171.
41. Schultheiss, U. T., Daya, N., Grams, M. E., Seufert, J., Steffes, M., Coresh, J., ... & Köttgen, A. (2017). Thyroid function, reduced kidney function and incident chronic kidney disease in a community-based population: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 32(11), 1874-1881.
2. Bianco, A. C., & da Conceição, R. R. (2018). The deiodinase trio and thyroid hormone signaling. Thyroid Hormone Nuclear Receptor: Methods and Protocols, 67-83.
3. Dev, N., Sankar, J., & Vinay, M. V. (2016). Functions of thyroid hormones. Thyroid Disorders: Basic Science and Clinical Practice, 11-25.
4. Iglesias, P., Bajo, M. A., Selgas, R., & Díez, J. J. (2017). Thyroid dysfunction and kidney disease: An update. Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, 18, 131-144.
5. Echterdiek, F., Ranke, M. B., Schwenger, V., Heemann, U., & Latus, J. (2022). Kidney disease and thyroid dysfunction: the chicken or egg problem. Pediatric Nephrology, 37(12), 3031-3042.
6. Schultheiss, U. T., Daya, N., Grams, M. E., Seufert, J., Steffes, M., Coresh, J., ... & Köttgen, A. (2017). Thyroid function, reduced kidney function and incident chronic kidney disease in a community-based population: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 32(11), 1874-1881.
7. Brenta, G., Nepote, A., Barreto, A., Musso, C., Faingold, C., Fossati, P., ... & Meroño, T. (2023). Low glomerular filtration rate values are associated with higher TSH in an elderly population at high cardiovascular disease risk. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 14.
8. Bilha, S. C., Hogas, S., Hogas, M., Marcu, S., Leustean, L., Ungureanu, M. C., ... & Preda, C. (2023). Thyroid, Gonadal and Adrenal Dysfunction in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Review for the Clinician. Biomolecules, 13(6), 920.
9. Romagnani, P., Remuzzi, G., Glassock, R., Levin, A., Jager, K. J., Tonelli, M., ... & Anders, H. J. (2017). Chronic kidney disease. Nature reviews Disease primers, 3(1), 1-24.
10. Rhee, C. M. (2016). The interaction between thyroid and kidney disease: an overview of the evidence. Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity, 23(5), 407.
11. Patel, S., Rauf, A., Khan, H., & Abu-Izneid, T. (2017). Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS): The ubiquitous system for homeostasis and pathologies. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 94, 317-325.
12. Hill Gallant, K. M., & Spiegel, D. M. (2017). Calcium balance in chronic kidney disease. Current osteoporosis reports, 15, 214-221.
13. Song, S., Guo, Y., Yang, Y., & Fu, D. (2022). Advances in pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis. Pharmacology & therapeutics, 237, 108168.
14. Suttle, N. F. (2022). Mineral nutrition of livestock. Cabi.
15. Vorland, C. J., Stremke, E. R., Moorthi, R. N., & Hill Gallant, K. M. (2017). Effects of excessive dietary phosphorus intake on bone health. Current osteoporosis reports, 15, 473-482.
16. Ikizler, T. A., Burrowes, J. D., Byham-Gray, L. D., Campbell, K. L., Carrero, J. J., Chan, W., ... & Cuppari, L. (2020). KDOQI clinical practice guideline for nutrition in CKD: 2020 update. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 76(3), S1-S107.
17. Chang, A. R., & Anderson, C. (2017). Dietary phosphorus intake and the kidney. Annual review of nutrition, 37, 321-346.
18. Loh, T. P. Parallel Sessions. In The 4th Joint EFLM-UEMS Congress “Laboratory Medicine at the Clinical Interface” Warsaw, Poland, 21th–24th September, 2016 Organisers.
19. Wei, K. Y., Gritter, M., Vogt, L., de Borst, M. H., Rotmans, J. I., & Hoorn, E. J. (2020). Dietary potassium and the kidney: Lifesaving physiology. Clinical Kidney Journal, 13(6), 952-968.
20. Zacchia, M., Abategiovanni, M. L., Stratigis, S., & Capasso, G. (2016). Potassium: from physiology to clinical implications. Kidney Diseases, 2(2), 72-79.
21. Cianciosi, D., Forbes-Hernández, T. Y., Regolo, L., Alvarez-Suarez, J. M., Navarro-Hortal, M. D., Xiao, J., ... & Giampieri, F. (2022). The reciprocal interaction between polyphenols and other dietary compounds: Impact on bioavailability, antioxidant capacity and other physico-chemical and nutritional parameters. Food Chemistry, 375, 131904.
22. Palmer, B. F., Colbert, G., & Clegg, D. J. (2020). Potassium homeostasis, chronic kidney disease, and the plant-enriched diets. Kidney360, 1(1), 65.
23. Aoike, D. T., Baria, F., Kamimura, M. A., Ammirati, A., & Cuppari, L. (2018). Home-based versus center-based aerobic exercise on cardiopulmonary performance, physical function, quality of life and quality of sleep of overweight patients with chronic kidney disease. Clinical and experimental nephrology, 22, 87-98.
24. Garland, J. S. (2014). Elevated body mass index as a risk factor for chronic kidney disease: current perspectives. Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity: targets and therapy, 347-355.
25. Merzah, K. S., & Hasson, S. F. (2015). The Biochemical changes in patients with chronic renal failure. International Journal of pharma medicine and biological Sciences, 4(1), 75-79.
26. Pandya, D., Nagrajappa, A. K., & Ravi, K. S. (2016). Assessment and correlation of urea and creatinine levels in saliva and serum of patients with chronic kidney disease, diabetes and hypertension–a research study. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR, 10(10), ZC58.
27. Albayati, A. M., Mazher, E. A., & Ahmed, M. A. (2021). Study Some Haematological And Biochemical Parameters in Patients with Renal Failure in Diyala Province. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 15(1).
28. Inker, L. A., & Perrone, R. D. (2014). Assessment of kidney function. UpToDate, Waltham, MA. Accessed, 9.
29. Mastov, E. (2022). PECULIARITIES OF KIDNEY DISEASES'TREATMENTS: HOME HEMODIALYSIS AND PERITONEAL DIALYSIS (Doctoral dissertation, Ternopil).
30. Chu, C. M., & Lowder, J. L. (2018). Diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections across age groups. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 219(1), 40-51.
31. Barakat, A. J. (2021). Renal disease: clinical presentation in children. Ann Pediatr Res. 2021; 5 (1), 1054.
32. Mian, A. N., & Schwartz, G. J. (2017). Measurement and estimation of glomerular filtration rate in children. Advances in chronic kidney disease, 24(6), 348-356.
33. Kraut, J. A., & Madias, N. E. (2017). Adverse effects of the metabolic acidosis of chronic kidney disease. Advances in chronic kidney disease, 24(5), 289-297.
34. Narasaki, Y., Sohn, P., & Rhee, C. M. (2021, March). The interplay between thyroid dysfunction and kidney disease. In Seminars in nephrology (Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 133-143). WB Saunders.
35. Gungor, O., Ulu, S., Hasbal, N. B., Anker, S. D., & Kalantar‐Zadeh, K. (2021). Effects of hormonal changes on sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease: where are we now and what can we do?. Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 12(6), 1380-1392.
36. Rhee, C. M. (2016). The interaction between thyroid and kidney disease: an overview of the evidence. Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity, 23(5), 407.
37. Hussein, S., & Ali, S. J. (2019). Serum thyroid hormones and cortisol in patients with chronic renal failure. The Medical Journal Of Tikrit University, 25(1), 1-6.
38. Kadoya, M., Koyama, S., Morimoto, A., Miyoshi, A., Kakutani, M., Hamamoto, K., ... & Koyama, H. (2017). Serum macro TSH level is associated with sleep quality in patients with cardiovascular risks–HSCAA Study. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 44387.
39. Rizzo, L. F., Mana, D. L., & Serra, H. A. (2017). Drug-induced hypothyroidism. Medicina (Buenos Aires), 77(5), 394-404.
40. Fan, J., Yan, P., Wang, Y., Shen, B., Ding, F., & Liu, Y. (2016). Prevalence and clinical significance of low T3 syndrome in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease. Medical science monitor: international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 22, 1171.
41. Schultheiss, U. T., Daya, N., Grams, M. E., Seufert, J., Steffes, M., Coresh, J., ... & Köttgen, A. (2017). Thyroid function, reduced kidney function and incident chronic kidney disease in a community-based population: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 32(11), 1874-1881.
Published
2023-10-16
How to Cite
Aseel Shakir Ghlaim Al_Jaree, Hussein ghalib salman, Raghad Qahtan Mahdi, Jumana Ali Hassan, Enas abaas hasaan, & Faws Kareem Tohma. (2023). The Interplay of Thyroid Hormones, Body Mass Index, and Kidney Function in Wasit City: Implications for Metabolic Health. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science, 4(5), 632-639. https://doi.org/10.17605/cajmns.v4i5.1885
Section
Articles
