Marketing Mix Strategy to Increase Outpatient Loyalty at the Hajj Hospital Jakarta Indonesia

  • RR Sonya Dewi Wulandari
  • Ali Khatibi
  • Jacquline Tham
  • S. M. Ferdous Azam
  • Cicilia Windiyaningish
Keywords: Marketing Mix Strategy, Patient, Loyalty, Hajj Hospital Jakarta

Abstract

To create a competitive edge, it is necessary to recruit and train the proper personnel for service delivery, as people are a crucial component. Customers judge the clinic's service provision and delivery based on the individuals who represent it. This study’s compares the theory and practice concerning the effect of marketing mix to outpatients’ loyalty. Hajj Hospital is currently experiencing a drop in the number of patients though numerous promotional efforts have been made. It is anticipated that the marketing mix will enhance consumer views of a product’s quality, as measured by consumers’ evaluations of the product. If the consumer perceives that the hospital provides high-quality services, the hospital’s image will be positive; this condition might boost customer or patient satisfaction. This study aims to determine which element of the marketing mix has the most significant impact on patient loyalty at Hajj Hospital. This study used a quantitative cross-sectional design approach, with 100 outpatient samples, and was analysed using SPSS. It was discovered that additional studies incorporated planning, control, monitoring, and evaluation into the marketing mix, utilising longitudinal studies or interventions for healthcare professionals that provide services to patients. The characteristic of respondent’s female 72%, age productive 96 % (15-64 years old), majority highest education 59%; job housewife 37% and private employee 23%; self-information to go to the hospital 25 % and reference by family and friend 42%, reference of medical staff 21%; in this unit of patients per month had average 1034 outpatients. The component questions the correlation between People and products to loyalty. The number of questions was available to continue analysis people, the number of registration administration personnel and cashiers is enough, the attitude of the nurse looks good, neat, polite, friendly and skilled, nurses provide good and reliable service and provide clear information, the attitude of the doctor in providing good and friendly service, the attitude of laboratory officers looks good, neat, polite and friendly. The number of laboratory personnel is enough, and the attitude of the radiology officer looks good, neat, polite and friendly. Radiology officers provide information well and clearly.

References

1. Abdi Setiawan, D. A. H. (2014). Relation Of Marketing Mix with Interests In Returning Of Inpatient Tenriawaru Hospital Bone. Anzdoc.
2. Abidah Ismail Lubis, D. A. S. S. N. (2021). The Influence of Hospital Marketing Mix on Inpatient Loyalty in Sarah Medan General Hospital. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, 8(4), 187–192.
3. Adha, A. F. (2020). Analysis Of Marketing Strategy and Tactics To Create Value For Customer In Pt. Taharica. Universitas Islam Indonesia.
4. AdninNasution, F., Fauzi, A., &Matondang, N. (2018). Building Costumer Loyalty Through Marketing Mix Strategy with Satisfactory as Intervening Variable. KnE Social Sciences, 3(10). https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i10.3372
5. Ahmad, A. M. K., Al-Qarni, A. A., Alsharqi, O. Z., Qalai, D. A., & Kadi, N. (2013a). The Impact of Marketing Mix Strategy on Hospitals Performance Measured by Patient Satisfaction: An Empirical Investigation on Jeddah Private Sector Hospital Senior Managers Perspective. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 5(6). https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v5n6p210
6. Ahmad, A. M. K., Al-Qarni, A. A., Alsharqi, O. Z., Qalai, D. A., & Kadi, N. (2013b). The Impact of Marketing Mix Strategy on Hospitals Performance Measured by Patient Satisfaction: An Empirical Investigation on Jeddah Private Sector Hospital Senior Managers Perspective. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 5(6). https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v5n6p210
7. Ahmmed, K., Islam, S., Nor, N. A., Rahman, K. M., & Ahmed, F. (2019). Toward a theoretical framework of relationship marketing in the business context. Market-Trziste, 31(2). https://doi.org/10.22598/mt/2019.31.2.209
8. Akbar, M. I. U. D., Ahmad, B., Asif, M. H., & Siddiqui, S. A. (2020). Linking Emotional Brand Attachment and Sales Promotion to Post-Purchase Cognitive Dissonance: The Mediating Role of Impulse Buying Behavior. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(11). https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no11.367
9. Alkuwaiti, A., Maruthamuthu, T., &Akgun, S. (2020). Factors associated with the quality of outpatient service: The application of factor analysis–A case study. International Journal of Healthcare Management, 13(S1). https://doi.org/10.1080/20479700.2017.1422910
10. ALMA, PROF. DR. H. B. (2004). Manajemen Pemasaran Dan Pemasaran Jasa. Cv. Alfabeta.
11. Al-Sukar, A. S. and A. A. S. A. (2020). The impact of E-marketing mix elements on chain stores performance in Jordan. International Journal of Applied Research, 6(11), 106–112.
12. Al-Taee, H. A., & Al-Khawaldeh, K. A. (2020). Impact of health marketing mix on competitive advantage: The case of king hussein cancer center. Jordan Journal of Business Administration, 16(1).
13. AmazuAdaezeRosecollette, S. H. A. M. K. (2014). An Evaluation Of The Marketing Strategies Used In The Medical Profession: A Case Study Of Six Hospitals In Lagos, Nigeria. Journal of Research and Development, 2(1).
14. Amstrong, M. (2010). ManajemenSumberDayaManusia. PT ElexmediaKomputindo.
15. Andersen, R. M. (2008). National health surveys and the behavioral model of health services use. Medical Care, 46(7), 647–653.
16. Arosa-Carrera, C. R., & Chica-Mesa, J. C. (2020). Innovation in the paradigm of relationship marketing. In EstudiosGerenciales (Vol. 36, Issue 154). https://doi.org/10.18046/j.estger.2020.154.3494
17. Azwar. (2009). MetodePenelitian. Pustaka Pelajar.
18. Bakti, I. G. M. Y., Sumaedi, S., Rakhmawati, T., Damayanti, S., &Yarmen, M. (2020). The Model of Domestic Product Quality Syndrome. SAGE Open, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020972359
19. Barbrook-Johnson, P., & Carrick, J. (2021). Combining complexity-framed research methods for social research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2021.1946118
20. Berne-Manero, C., &Marzo-Navarro, M. (2020). Exploring how influencer and relationship marketing serve corporate sustainability. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114392
21. Bhatt, R. K., & Gupta, D. (2019). Essentials of marketing management in LIS. Library Philosophy and Practice, 2019.
22. Booms, B. H. and B. M. J. (1981). Marketing Strategies and Organization Structures for Service Firms. American Marketing Association.
23. Brahmbhatt M, B. N. J. N. (2011). Adapting the SERVQUAL scale to hospital services: An empirical investigation of patients’ perceptions of service quality. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 27–42.
24. BRAND IMAGE DEVELOPMENT. (2018). Ecoforum, 7(1).
25. Buil, I., de Chernatony, L., & Martínez, E. (2013). Examining the role of advertising and sales promotions in brand equity creation. Journal of Business Research, 66(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.07.030
26. Chomat AM, G. J. O. S. B. OI. (2011). Determinants of utilisationofintrapartum obstetric care services in Cambodia, and gaps in coverage. Glob Public Health., 6(8), 890–905.
27. Chomat AM, S. N. M. G. C. C. B. O. (2014). Maternal health and health-seeking behaviors among indigenous mammothers from Quetzaltenango, Guatemala. Rev PanamSaludPública, 35(2), 113–120.
28. Christian Grönroos. (2000). Service Management and Marketing: A Customer Relationship Management Approach. John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
29. Christopher, M., P. A. F. T. and B. D. (1991). Relationship Marketing: Bringing Quality, Customer Service and Marketing Togethe. Butterworth Heinemann/CIM.
30. Crimi, C., Impellizzeri, P., Campisi, R., Spicuzza, L., Vancheri, C., &Crimi, N. (2020). Resumption of respiratory outpatient services in the COVID-19 era: Experience from Southern Italy. American Journal of Infection Control, 48(9). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.06.210
31. Cronin, J. J., Brady, M. K., &Hult, G. T. M. (2000). Assessing the effects of quality, value, and customer satisfaction on consumer behavioral intentions in service environments. Journal of Retailing, 76(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4359(00)00028-2
32. de Jaegher, K. (2019). Strategic framing to influence clients’ risky decisions. Theory and Decision, 86(3–4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11238-019-09691-x
33. DewiIka Sari Hari Poernomo. (2009). Analysis Of Effect For Patient Perception About Marketing Mix Loyality Of Patient In Outpatient Polyclinic Baptist Kediri Hospital. University Diponegoro.
34. Diebold, W., & Porter, M. E. (1990). The Competitive Advantage of Nations. Foreign Affairs, 69(4). https://doi.org/10.2307/20044520
35. Dubauskas, G., &Išoraitė, M. (2020). Sales Promotion Tools in Financial Institutions. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 4(6).
36. Dymshits, M. (2007). Basics of loyalty: Afragment of the book “customer loyalty: Re-purchase arrangements.” Marketer, 6, 35–39.
37. E Jerome McCarthy. (1964). Basic marketing, a managerial approach (Vol. 3). Homewood.
38. Elrod, J. K., & Fortenberry, J. L. (2020). Sales promotion in health and medicine: using incentives to stimulate patient interest and attention. In BMC Health Services Research (Vol. 20). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-020-05601-y
39. Enrico Adhitya Rinaldi. (2018). AnalisisHubunganBauranPemasaranTerhadapLoyalitasPasienDi Unit Pelayanan Rawat Jalan RumahSakitKartiniTahun 2018. JurnalManajemen Dan AdminsitrasiRumahSakit Indonesia.
40. FandyTjiptono, G. C. (2016). Service, Quality, dan Satisfaction. cv andi.
41. Fregidou-Malama, M., & Hyder, A. S. (2021). Multilevel trust in international marketing of healthcare services: A five-country comparative study. International Business Review, 30(6), 101895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2021.101895
42. Garepasha, A., Aali, S., Zendeh, A. B., &Iranzadeh, S. (2020). Dynamics of online relationship marketing: Relationship quality and customer loyalty in Iranian banks. RevistaBrasileira de Gestao de Negocios, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.7819/rbgn.v22i1.4043
43. Garg, S., Basu, S., Rustagi, R., & Borle, A. (2020). Primary health care facility preparedness for outpatient service provision during the COVID-19 Pandemic in India: Cross-sectional study. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.2196/19927
44. Gil, M. R., & Choi, C. G. (2019). Factors Affecting the Choice of National and Public Hospitals Among Outpatient Service Users in South Korea. Inquiry: A Journal of Medical Care Organization, Provision and Financing, 56. https://doi.org/10.1177/0046958019833256
45. Gök, O., Ersoy, P., &Börühan, G. (2019). The effect of user manual quality on customer satisfaction: the mediating effect of perceived product quality. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 28(4). https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-10-2018-2054
46. Gorji, M., &Siami, S. (2020). How sales promotion display affects customer shopping intentions in retails. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 48(12). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-12-2019-0407
47. Gotsadze, G., Tang, W., Shengelia, N., &Zoidze, A. (2017). Determinants analysis of outpatient service utilisation in Georgia: Can the approach help inform benefit package design? Health Research Policy and Systems, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-017-0197-5
48. Gummerus, J., von Koskull, C., &Kowalkowski, C. (2017). Guest editorial: relationship marketing – past, present and future. Journal of Services Marketing, 31(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-12-2016-0424
49. Gwatkin DR. (2000). Health inequalities and the health of the poor: what do we know? What can we do? Bull World Health Organ., 78(1), 3–18.
50. Hadrian, P., Milichovský, F., &Mráček, P. (2021). The concept of strategic control in marketing management in connection to measuring marketing performance. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13073887
51. Hammond, M., & Wellington, J. (2020). Research methods: The key concepts. In Research Methods: The Key Concepts. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429058165
52. Hasim, M. A., Shamsudin, M. F., Ali, A. M., &Shabi, S. (2018). The relationship between sales promotions and online impulse buying in Malaysia. Opcion, 34(Special Issue 16).
53. Hassan, L. F. A., Jusoh, W. J. W., & Hamid, Z. (2014). Determinant of Customer Loyalty in Malaysian Takaful Industry. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.04.043
54. Hatt L, S. C. M. K. A. A. A. E. R. C. (2007). Didthe strategy of skilled attendance at birth reach the poor in Indonesia? Bull World Health Organ. ,85(10), 774–782.
55. HAYATI, Y. S. S. C. H. Y. T. (2018). Relation of Marketing Mix and Outpatient Loyalty at Kalisat Regional Hospital Jember District 2017. Universitas Jember.
56. Hellier, P. K., Geursen, G. M., Carr, R. A., & Rickard, J. A. (2003). Customer repurchase intention. European Journal of Marketing, 37(11/12). https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560310495456
57. Ho, F. N., & Huang, C. wei. (2020). The interdependencies of marketing capabilities and operations efficiency in hospitals. Journal of Business Research, 113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.09.037
58. Ingleby, E. (2012). Research methods in education. Professional Development in Education, 38(3). https://doi.org/10.1080/19415257.2011.643130
59. Jen, W. Y., Chao, C. C., Hung, M. C., Li, Y. C., & Chi, Y. P. (2007). Mobile information and communication in the hospital outpatient service. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 76(8). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2006.04.008
60. Jill Griffin. (2002). Customer Loyalty: How to Earn It, How to Keep It.
61. Kandampully, J., &Suhartanto, D. (2000). Customer loyalty in the hotel industry: the role of customer satisfaction and image. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 12(6). https://doi.org/10.1108/09596110010342559
62. Kaplan GA. (2006). Social determinants of health (M marmot and R Wilkinson, Ed.; 2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
63. Kasali, Rhenald. (2007). Membidik Pasar Indonesia Segmentasi Targeting Positioning. PT Gramedia PustkaTama.
64. Kemenkes RI. (2015). Information Center Data Ministry of Health R.I. in 2015.
65. Kent, R. A. (1986). Faith in four Ps: An alternative. Journal of Marketing Management, 2(2), 145–154. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.1986.9964007
66. Kim, K. H., Kim, K. S., Kim, D. Y., Kim, J. H., & Kang, S. H. (2008). Brand equity in hospital marketing. Journal of Business Research, 61(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.05.010
67. Konsolas, I. (2018). The Competitive Advantage of Nations. In The Competitive Advantage of Greece. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315193175-1
68. Kothari, C. (2004). Research methodology: methods and techniques. In New Age International. https://doi.org/http://196.29.172.66:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2574/1/Research%20Methodology.pdf
69. Kotler, P. (2017). Philip Kotler: some of my adventures in marketing. Journal of Historical Research in Marketing, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.1108/JHRM-11-2016-0027
70. Kotler, P., & Gary Armstrong. (2013). Principles of Marketing. HEG.
71. Kristiansson C, G. E. R. H. B. A. S. M. T. et al. (2009). Access to health care in relation to socioeconomic status in the Amazonian area of Peru. Int J Equity Health., 8(11).
72. Kruk ME, G. S. P. M. F. LP. (2007). Health care financing andutilization of maternal health services in developing countries. Health Policy Plan., 22(5), 303–310.
73. Lammade, A. H., Hamzah, A., &Palutturi, S. (2019). Relationship of marketing mixes with the return interest of patients at Arifinnu’mang hospital. Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development, 10(7). https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2019.01728.5
74. Lê, J. K., & Schmid, T. (2020). The Practice of Innovating Research Methods. In Organizational Research Methods. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428120935498
75. Leawaty1, W. S. (2019). HubunganBauranPemasaran (Marketing Mix) DenganLoyalitasPelanggan: Systematic Review. Jurnal FKM UI, 16–24.
76. Leite, D. F. B., Padilha, M. A. S., &Cecatti, J. G. (2019). Approaching literature review for academic purposes: The Literature Review Checklist. Clinics, 74. https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2019/e1403
77. Li, F., Larimo, J., &Leonidou, L. C. (2021). Social media marketing strategy: definition, conceptualization, taxonomy, validation, and future agenda. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 49(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-020-00733-3
78. Liamputtong, P. (2019). Handbook of Research Methods in Health Social Sciences. In Handbook of Research Methods in Health Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5251-4
79. Ling, J. C., Franklin, B. A. K., Lindsteadt, J. F., &Gearon, S. A. N. (1992). Social marketing: Its place in public health. In Annual Review of Public Health (Vol. 13). https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pu.13.050192.002013
80. Liu, Q., Zhang, X., Huang, S., Zhang, L., & Zhao, Y. (2020). Exploring consumers’ buying behavior in a large online Promotion Activity: The role of Psychological Distance and Involvement. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-18762020000100106
81. Livingston, S. A. (2018). Test Reliability - Basic Concepts. Research Memorandum ETS RM-18-01, January.
82. Lo, F. Y., Rey-Martí, A., &Botella-Carrubi, D. (2020). Research methods in business: Quantitative and qualitative comparative analysis. In Journal of Business Research (Vol. 115). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.05.003
83. Lotfi, F., NouraeiMotlagh, S., Mahdavi, G., Keshavarz, K., Hadian, M., &AbolghasemGorji, H. (2017). Factors affecting the utilization of outpatient health services and importance of health insurance. Shiraz E Medical Journal, 18(8). https://doi.org/10.5812/semj.57570
84. Lubis, Y. D., Suroyo, R. B., &Fitriani, A. D. (2022). Marketing Mix Analysis on Outpatient Satisfaction at Medan Hajj General Hospital. Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Medical and Health Science Study, 3(2), 16–22. https://doi.org/10.47616/jamrmhss.v3i2.257
85. Mabkhot, H. A., Hasnizam, & Salleh, S. M. (2017). The influence of brand image and brand personality on brand loyalty, mediating by brand trust: An empirical study. JurnalPengurusan, 50. https://doi.org/10.17576/pengurusan-2017-50-07
86. Malmir, R., Jafari, M., Maher, A., Mojtaba Hosseini, S., &Mohammadzadeh, K. A. L. I. (2020). Indicators and barriers of fair access to outpatient services in Iran health system: A qualitative study. Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 14(3).
87. Manova, K., & Yu, Z. (2017). Multi-product firms and product quality. Journal of International Economics, 109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2017.08.006
88. Marpaung, D. N., Ernawaty, E.-, Prayoga, D.-, &Lailiyah, S.-. (2021). Literatur review: Implementasi Marketing Mix 7P Terhadap Tingkat KepuasanPasienDiRumahSakit. VISIKES: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.33633/visikes.v20i1.4331
89. Mattmüller, R., &Gebauer, J. (2011). Marketing in Klinik und Praxis. Der Urologe, 50(12), 1560–1565. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-011-2730-4
90. MCDONALD, M. (2008). Strategic marketing planning: theory and practice. In The Marketing Book. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7506-8566-5.50009-1
91. McMullan, R., & Gilmore, A. (2008). Customer loyalty: an empirical study. European Journal of Marketing, 42(9/10). https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560810891154
92. Meessen B, V. D. W. T. C. T. A. (2006). Poverty and user feesfor public health care in low-income countries: lessons from Uganda and Cambodia. Lancet LondEngl. ,368(9954), 2253–2257.
93. Mindak, W. A. and F. S. (1981). A fifth ‘P’: public relations” (W. R. J.H. and George, Ed.). American Marketing Association.
94. Morais, D. B., Kerstetter, D. L., &Yarnal, C. M. (2006). The Love Triangle: Loyal Relationships among Providers, Customers, and Their Friends. Journal of Travel Research, 44(4), 379–386. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287505282955
95. Morgan, N. A., Whitler, K. A., Feng, H., & Chari, S. (2019). Research in marketing strategy. In Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science (Vol. 47, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-018-0598-1
96. Muhammad YUSUF, Aditya Halim Perdana Kusuma Putra, & NURHILALIA. (2019). The Impact of Product Quality, Price, and Distribution on Satisfaction and Loyalty. Journal of Distribution Science, 17(10), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.15722/jds.17.10.201910.17
97. Mulyadi. (2007). Marketing Communication. Ganesha.
98. Mussol, S., Aurier, P., & de Lanauze, G. S. (2019). Developing in-store brand strategies and relational expression through sales promotions. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2018.11.020
99. NanangMartono. (2010). MetodePenelitianKuantitatif. Rajawali Pers.
100. Ngoma, M., &Ntale, P. D. (2019). Word of mouth communication: A mediator of relationship marketing and customer loyalty. Cogent Business and Management, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2019.1580123
101. Nickels, W. G.; J. M. A. (1976). Packaging: the fifth “p” in the marketing mix? SAM Advanced Management Journal: Amj., 41(1), 13–21.
102. NITIN R V., N. V. D. G. (2016). AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON MARKETING MIX STRATEGIES ON HEALTHCARE SERVICES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL. International Journal of Management and Applied Science, 2(10), 19–24.
103. NovizaRizkha A. Nasution, E. G. R. G. M. S. (2020). The Effect of Marketing Mix on Patient Satisfaction in Prima Vision Medan Special Hospital in 2019. International Journal of Research and Review, 7(8), 241–249.
104. O.S. Ibidunni. (2011). Marketing Mix as Tools for Achieving Competitive Advantage in Nigerian Market Place: Multi-National and Indigenous Companies in Perspective. North American Business Press.
105. Olayeni, A., Ogbo, A., Okwo, H., Chukwu, B., Ifediora, C., &Ezenwakwelu, C. (2021). Green strategy effect on financial and environmental performance: a mediation analysis of product quality. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13042115
106. Olivares, P. R., Hernandez-Mocholi, M., Merellano-Navarro, E., Gusi, N., &Collado-Mateo, D. (2019). Age analysis on fitness reliability tests in the elderly. RevistaInternacional de Medicina y Ciencias de La ActividadFisica y Del Deporte, 19(76). https://doi.org/10.15366/rimcafd2019.76.005
107. Oliver, R. L. (1999). Whence Consumer Loyalty? Journal of Marketing, 63(4_suppl1). https://doi.org/10.1177/00222429990634s105
108. Oliver, R. L. (2010). Satisfaction: A Behavioural Perspective on Consumer (2nd ed.). Routledge.
109. Palmer, A. (2001). Principles of Service Marketing. McGraw-Hil.
110. Pan, Z., Xu, W., Li, Z., Xu, C., Lu, F., Zhang, P., Zhang, L., & Ye, T. (2020). Trajectories of outpatient service utilisation of hypertensive patients in tertiary hospitals in china. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030852
111. PAUL M. HEALY AMY P. HUTTON KRISHNA G. PALEPU. (2010). Stock Performance and Intermediation Changes Surrounding Sustained Increases in Disclosure. Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.1999.tb00592.x
112. Payne, A., & Frow, P. (2017). Relationship marketing: looking backwards towards the future. In Journal of Services Marketing (Vol. 31, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-11-2016-0380
113. Philip Kotler. (2010). ManajemenPemasaran (13th ed.). Erlangga.
114. PhusistKhumnualthong. (2015). The effects of service marketing mix (7Ps) on customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty of Medical Aesthetic Clinics. University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce.
115. Piveteau, P., &Smagghue, G. (2019). Estimating firm product quality using trade data. Journal of International Economics, 118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2019.02.005
116. Porter, M. E. (1990). The Competitive Advantage of Nations. In The Competitive Advantage of Nations. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11336-1
117. Pritchard, M. P., Havitz, M. E., & Howard, D. R. (1999). Analyzing the Commitment-Loyalty Link in Service Contexts. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 27(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/0092070399273004
118. Prof. Dr. A. Muri Yusuf, M. Pd. (2015). MetodePenelitianKuantitatif, Kualitatif& PenelitianGabungan. Kencana.
119. Prof.Dr.Sugiyono. (2010). MetodePenelitianKuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. CV Alfabeta.
120. Punniyamoorthy, M., & Prasanna Mohan Raj, M. (2007). An empirical model for brand loyalty measurement. Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jt.5750044
121. Purcarea, V. L., Gheorghe, I.-R., & Gheorghe, C.-M. (2015). Uncovering the Online Marketing Mix Communication for Health Care Services. Procedia Economics and Finance, 26. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(15)00925-9
122. R. Andriany; Taurany, H. M. (2006). Analisissegmentasi dan penentuan target pasar pelangganpoliklinikkebidanan dan anak RSIA Tambak Jakarta Pusat tahun 2006 = Analysis of segmentation and target market on customer of obstetrics and pediatric clinics of RSIA Tambak Jakarta 2006. Universitas Indonesia.
123. Raji, R. A., Rashid, S., & Ishak, S. (2019). The mediating effect of brand image on the relationships between social media advertising content, sales promotion content and behaviuoral intention. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 13(3). https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIM-01-2018-0004
124. Rambocas, M., Kirpalani, V. M., & Simms, E. (2018). Brand equity and customer behavioral intentions: a mediated moderated model. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 36(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-09-2016-0139
125. Ravangard, R., Khodadad, A., &Bastani, P. (2020). How marketing mix (7Ps) affect the patients’ selection of a hospital: experience of a low-income country. Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association, 95(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s42506-020-00052-z
126. RetnoSugiarto, Y. J. S. D. W. (2018). Pengaruh Brand Image, Service Quality dan Trust TerhadapLoyalitasPasien di RumahSakitUmum Daerah LinggajatiKuningan. JurnalManajemen Dan AdministrasiRumahSakit.
127. RiqkiKafa. (2013). PengaruhBauranPemasaran Jasa Terhadap Keputusan PasienDalamMemilih Jasa RumahSakit (Studi Pada PasienRumahSakit PKU Muhammadiyah Kotagede). Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Islam, 8(1), 105–121.
128. Riyadi T. (2002). Hubungan Antara MutuPuskesmasMenurutPersepsiPasienDenganMinatPemanfaatanUlangPelayananPengobatan Rawat Jalan Umum Di PuskesmasMaosKabupatenCilacapTahun 2002.
129. Robert Kreitner, A. K. M. B. (1999). Organizational Behaviour. McGraw-Hil.
130. Saha, G. C., &Theingi. (2009). Service quality, satisfaction, and behavioural intentions. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 19(3). https://doi.org/10.1108/09604520910955348
131. Sangadji, E. M., dan Sopiah. (2013). PerilakuKonsumen: PendekatanPraktisDisertai:HimpunanJurnalPenelitian. Penerbit Andi.
132. Santini, F. de O., Sampaio, C. H., Perin, M. G., Espartel, L. B., &Ladeira, W. J. (2015). Moderating effects of sales promotion types. BAR - Brazilian Administration Review, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-7692bar2015140057
133. Schiffman and Lazar Kanuk. (2000). Costumer Behavior. Prentice hall.
134. Shankar, A. C., & C. K. K. (2011). A study of the relationship between marketing mix and customer retention for herbal coffee in Malaysia. 2nd International Conference of Business and Economic Research Proceeding.
135. Sheth, J. N., &Parvatiyar, A. (1995). The evolution of relationship marketing. International Business Review, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/0969-5931(95)00018-6
136. Shi-Kai Chou, P. K. and P. T. (2019). The Impact of Corporate Image, Service Quality, Trust, and Perceived Value on Chinese Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty: Medical Services in Thailand. Human Behavior, Development and Society, 20(3).
137. ShintaDewiWijayanti, M. Y. A. (2014a). Relationship Marketing Mix with Patient Loyalty in the Outpatient Unit General Hospital Makassar. Http://Repository.Unhas.Ac.Id/Bitstream/Handle/1234 56789/10414/SHINTA DEWI WIJAYANTI K11110251.Pdf; Sequence=1.
138. ShintaDewiWijayanti, M. Y. A. (2014b). Relationship Marketing Mix with Patient Loyalty in the Outpatient Unit General Hospital Makassar. Http://Repository.Unhas.Ac.Id/Bitstream/Handle/1234 56789/10414/SHINTA DEWI WIJAYANTI K11110251.Pdf; Sequence=1.
139. Sreenivas, T., Srinivasarao, B., Srinivasa Rao, U., & India, A. (2013). an Analysis on Marketing Mix in Hospitals. International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences, 2(4).
140. Stanton, W. J. (1991). Fundamentals of marketing. McGraw-Hil.
141. Stefani Bay; Richard Petrizzi; Penny Gill; Patricia Mink Rath; Patricia M. Rath. (2008). The Why of the Buy : Consumer Behavior and Fashion Marketing.
142. Sugiyono. (2013). MetodePenelitian Pendidikan PendekatanKuantitatif, Kualitatid, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
143. Taghian, M. (2010). Marketing planning: Operationalising the market orientation strategy. Journal of Marketing Management, 26(9–10). https://doi.org/10.1080/02672571003683813
144. Tajvar, M., Yaseri, M., Karami, B., & Mohammadi, M. (2021). Pattern of Outpatient Health Service Utilization by Older People in Iran. Iranian Journal of Ageing, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.32598/SIJA.15.4.2921.1
145. Tanasiichuk, A., Hromova, O., Kovalchuk, S., Perevozova, I., &Khmelevskyi, O. (2020). Scientific and methodological approaches to the evaluation of marketing management of enterprises in the context of international diversification. European Journal of Sustainable Development, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n3p349
146. Thaichon, P., Soutar, G., &Weaven, S. (2021). Guest Editorial: Technologies and Relationship Marketing. In Australasian Marketing Journal (Vol. 29, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1177/1839334921994387
147. Thomas F. Gilbert. (1978). Human Performance Engineering-Worthy-Performance. Pfeiffer.
148. Tomczak, T., Reinecke, S., &Kuss, A. (2017). Strategic marketing: Market-oriented corporate and business unit planning. In Strategic Marketing: Market-Oriented Corporate and Business Unit Planning. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-18417-9
149. Tran, T. A., Pham, N. T., van Pham, K., & Nguyen, L. C. T. (2020). The roles of health consciousness and service quality toward customer purchase decision. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(8). https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7.NO8.345
150. Trimurthy, I. (2008). AnalisisHubungan PersepsiPasienTentang MutuPelayananDenganMinatPemanfaatan Ulang Pelayanan Rawat Jalan Puskesmas Pandanaran Kota Semarang.
151. Ursachi, C. Ștefan, Perța-Crișan, S., & Munteanu, F. D. (2020). Strategies to improve meat products’ quality. In Foods (Vol. 9, Issue 12). https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9121883
152. van Waterschoot, W., & van den Bulte, C. (1992). The 4P Classification of the Marketing Mix Revisited. Journal of Marketing, 56(4), 83. https://doi.org/10.2307/1251988
153. Verma, N. C. and D. D. J. (2011). “Marketing of Library Information Products and Services.” Managing Libraries in the New Information Environment (Khalid. K. Faruqui and Manish Pathak, Ed.). Book Age.
154. Vigna, J. P., &Mainardes, E. W. (2019). Sales promotion and the purchasing behavior of food consumers. RevistaBrasileira de Marketing, 18(3). https://doi.org/10.5585/remark.v18i3.16368
155. Wagstaff A. (2002). Poverty and health sector inequalities. Bull World Health Organ., 80(2), 97–105.
156. Wahab, N. A., Hassan, L. F. A., Shahid, S. A. M., &Maon, S. N. (2016). The Relationship Between Marketing Mix and Customer Loyalty in Hijab Industry: The Mediating Effect of Customer Satisfaction. Procedia Economics and Finance, 37. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(16)30138-1
157. Walliman, N. (2010). Research Methods: The Basics. In Research Methods: The Basics. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203836071
158. Waluya, A. I., Iqbal, M. A., &Indradewa, R. (2019). How product quality, brand image, and customer satisfaction affect the purchase decisions of Indonesian automotive customers. International Journal of Services, Economics and Management, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSEM.2019.100944
159. Wang, X. X., Chen, J. Y., Jiang, H., Zhu, A. N., Long, Q., & Ji, J. S. (2019). Utilization and expenses of outpatient services among tuberculosis patients in three Chinese counties: An observational comparison study. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-019-0590-0
160. Wantara, P., &Tambrin, M. (2019). The Effect of Price and Product Quality Towards Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty on Madura Batik. International Tourism and Hospitality Journal.
161. Warren J. Keegan. (2003). Global Marketing, 3rd Edition (Vol. 3). Pearson.
162. Watson, R. (2002). Research Methods in Health: Investigating Health and Health Services, 2nd edition. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 39(2). https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2002.02288_2.x
163. Weihrich, C. and K. (2013). Management (14th ed.). Mc Graw Hill.
164. Westgard, C. M., Rogers, A., Bello, G., &Rivadeneyra, N. (2019). Health service utilization, perspectives, and health-seeking behavior for maternal and child health services in the Amazon of Peru, a mixed-methods study. International Journal for Equity in Health, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-019-1056-5
165. Whitehead M, D. G. E. T. (2001). Equity and health sector reforms: can low-income countries escape the medical poverty trap? Lancet Lond Engl., 358(9284), 833–836.
166. WidyaMurni; HeruKusumanto. (2002). Analisis pasar pelanggansebagaidasarpenentuansegmentasi, target dan posisi pasar pelayananrawatjalanrumahsakit Setia Mitra Jakarta 2002. Universitas Indonesia.
167. Wijaya, S., &Adriansyah, A. A. (2019). Implementation of “9p Marketing Mix” on Out-Patient Service at Islamic Hospital Jemursari, Surabaya, East Java. Strengthening Hospital Competitiveness to Improve Patient Satisfaction and Better Health Outcomes, 321–321. https://doi.org/10.26911/the6thicph.04.83
168. William M. Pride, O. C. F. (1989). Marketing: Concepts and Strategies (Houghton Mifflin, Ed.).
169. Woldemicael G. (2010). Do women with higher autonomy seek more maternal health care? Evidence from Eritrea and Ethiopia. Health Care Women Int, 31(7), 599–620.
170. Xu, X., Sun, Y., Tian, X., Zhou, L., & Li, Y. (2020). A proposed attitude estimator with reliability test criteria for sensor data fusion. Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation, 150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2019.107046
171. Yanagisawa S, O. S. W. S. (2006). Determinants of skilled birth attendance in rural Cambodia. Trop Med Int Health TM IH. ,11(2), 238–251.
172. Yessy, H., Yasri, & Idris. (2021). The Effect of Satisfaction on Marketing Mix on Loyalty of Outpatients LubukBasung Hospital. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210616.089
173. Yusuf, M., Nurhilalia, & Putra, A. H. P. K. (2019). The impact of product quality, price, and distribution on satisfaction and loyalty. Journal of Distribution Science, 17(10). https://doi.org/10.15722/jds.17.10.201910.17
174. Zeithaml, V. A., B. L. L., & P. A. (1996). The Behavioural Consequences of Service Quality. Journal of Marketing, 60, 31–46.
175. Zhang, J. Z., Watson, G. F., Palmatier, R. W., &Dant, R. P. (2016). Dynamic relationship marketing. Journal of Marketing, 80(5). https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.15.0066
176. Zhang, J., Cao, Q., & He, X. (2019). Contract and product quality in platform selling. European Journal of Operational Research, 272(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2018.07.023
177. Zhao, P., Diao, Y., You, L., Wu, S., Yang, L., & Liu, Y. (2019). The influence of basic public health service project on maternal health services: An interrupted time series study. BMC Public Health, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7207-1
Published
2023-09-22
How to Cite
RR Sonya Dewi Wulandari, Ali Khatibi, Jacquline Tham, S. M. Ferdous Azam, & Cicilia Windiyaningish. (2023). Marketing Mix Strategy to Increase Outpatient Loyalty at the Hajj Hospital Jakarta Indonesia. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science, 4(5), 204-221. Retrieved from https://cajmns.centralasianstudies.org/index.php/CAJMNS/article/view/1807
Section
Articles