Prevalence of Multidrug Resistance in Streptococcus Pyogenes Isolates from Different Clinical Sources in Al-Diwaniyah City

Huda Refaat Ibraheem; Ghaidaa Jihadi Mohammed

doi:10.17605/cajmns.v4i3.1572

Huda Refaat Ibraheem Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al- Diwaniayh , Iraq
Ghaidaa Jihadi Mohammed Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al- Diwaniayh , Iraq

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/cajmns.v4i3.1572

Keywords: Multidrug resistance, S. pyogenes, Pharyngitis

Abstract

Background: Streptococcus pyogenes also known as group A Streptococci (GAS) is an important pathogen for human that causes a wide variety of diseases. Despite the fact that antibiotics are effective to treat GAS infections, antibiotic resistance particularly to macrolides is increasing in a number of countries causes an increase in mortality, which has become a global public health concern.

Aim: Determine the prevalence of multidrug resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from different clinical sources in Al-Diwaniyah city.

Method : The study included the collection of (125) samples from different clinical source(Throat swabs, tonsils, urine ,burns) from patients in Al-Diwaniyah teaching hospital and Burns' hospital in Al-Diwaniyah city, during the period from 15-8-2022 to 1-12-2023 .The patients were with different ages ranging from 6-50 years, and from both sexes. The identification of bacterial isolates were achieved by morphological characteristics of bacterial colonies on selective media , result of Bacitracin sensitivity test ,Gram stain, and biochemical tests and confirmed the diagnosis by Vitek system.

Results : A total of 20 (16.0%) isolates were identified as S.pyogenes from (125) clinical samples that collected from different sources, that distributed by 1 (5.0% )from Throat Swab ,and 19 (95.0%) from Tonsils samples , and No isolate detected from urine and burns samples . The results of antibiotic sensitivity test showed all isolates were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and Vancomycin, on the other hand, 1(5.0%), 1(5.0%), 3(14.0%), 2(9.0%), 4(18.0%), 5(23.0%), 15(68.0%), 21(95.0%) isolates were resistance for Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Erythromycin, Clindamycin, Levofloxacin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, Penicillin, Oxacillin, respectively. Based on the multidrug-resistance (MDR) profile, a total of 3 out of 22 (14.0%) Streptococcus pyogenes isolates were resistant to 3 or more of antibiotics.

Conclusion : This study revealed that Streptococcus pyogenes mostly isolated from tonsils. Isolates showed high levels of resistance to most of the commercially available antibiotics. A high percentage of MDR among commonly isolated bacteria were found in this study would be a serious, alarming issue.

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