Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment

  • Djurayeva Zilola Aramovna Lecturer Of The Department Of Endocrinology, Samarkand State Medical University
  • Jonibek Obloqulov Students of Samarkand State Medical University
  • Ezoza Norova Students of Samarkand State Medical University
  • Bahodirjon Xudoyberdiyev Students of Samarkand State Medical University
Keywords: Pathophysiology

Abstract

DKA may be the initial symptom complex that leads to a diagnosis of type 1 DM, but more frequently it occurs in individuals with established diabetes. Nausea and vomiting are often prominent, and their presence in an individual with diabetes warrants laboratory evaluation for DKA. Abdominal pain may be severe and can resemble acute pancreatitis or ruptured viscus. Hyperglycemia leads to glucosuria, volume depletion, and tachycardia. Hypotension can occur because of volume depletion in combination with peripheral vasodilatation. Kussmaul respirations and a fruity odor on the patient’s breath (secondary to metabolic acidosis and increased ace- tone) are classic signs of the disorder. Lethargy and central nervous system depression may evolve into coma with severe DKA but should also prompt evaluation for other reasons for altered mental status (infection, hypoxia, etc.). Cerebral edema, an extremely serious complication of DKA, is seen most frequently in children. Signs of infection, which may precipitate DKA, should be sought on physical examination, even in the absence of fever. Tissue ischemia (heart, brain) can also be a precipitating factor.

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Published
2023-05-10
How to Cite
Aramovna, D. Z., Obloqulov, J., Norova, E., & Xudoyberdiyev, B. (2023). Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science, 4(3), 116-120. https://doi.org/10.17605/cajmns.v4i3.1494
Section
Articles

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