Evaluation of CD4 and CD8 in Al-Diwaniyah alopecia Patients by ELIZA
Keywords:
Alopecia areata, Alopecia universalis, Alopecia totalis, Immunological variables
Abstract
Background: According to recent beliefs, certain immunological variations discovered in patients may be related to alopecia, particularly the alopecia areata kind.
Objective: The current study's objective is to detect, evaluate, and estimate certain hematological parameters in alopecia areata (AA).
Material and methods: A retrospective analysis was done between July 2022 and February 2023. A total of 120 alopecia patients from AL-Qadisiyah hospitals, private clinics, and AL-Karamah private hospitals were examined. Blood was drawn from the patients, spun apart to separate the serum, and then processed using immunological methods.
Results: Out of 120 samples, the results showed that 80 (66.66%) had alopecia areata, whereas 40 (33.22%) had the other forms (alopecia universalis and alopecia totalis). From the findings, immunological alterations in alopecia areata patients were discovered, The results of CD4 showed that the patients with alopecia areata was the highest (n=80) 4.06 ± 0.93 compared with control (n=60) 3.18 ± 0.65, results of CD8 showed that the patients with alopecia areata was the highest (n=80)323.7± 127.3 compared with control group(n=60) 159.8±62.1 .
Conclusion: By revealing the existence of particular immunological components in patients who acquire alopecia, the study laid the groundwork for a wider and more in-depth investigation of immunological abnormalities in people with alopecia areata or totalis.
References
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15. Ebrahim, A. A., Salem, R. M., El Fallah, A. A., & Younis, E. T. (2019). Serum interleukin-15 is a marker of alopecia areata severity. International Journal of Trichology, 11(1), 26
16. Aldzhabali, M. A. M., & Kuts, L. V. (2022). Serum levels of IL-2 and IL-17A are related to clinical type and severity of alopecia areata
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18. Polak‐Witka, K., Rudnicka, L., Blume‐Peytavi, U., & Vogt, A. (2020). The role of the microbiome in scalp hair follicle biology and disease. Experimental Dermatology, 29(3), 286-294
19. Rinaldi, F., Trink, A., Papale, A., Giuliani, G., & Pinto, D. (2022). Clinical Translation of Microbiome Research in Alopecia Areata: A New Perspective?. Cosmetics, 9(3), 55
20. Barquero-Orias, D., Moreno-Arrones, O. M., & Vañó-Galván, S. (2021). Alopecia and the microbiome: a future therapeutic target?. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition), 112(6), 495-502
21. Haidamak, J., Dos Santos, G. D., de Souza Lima, B. J. F., Soares, V. M., de Menezes, R. V., Bisson, A. A., ... & do Rocio Klisiowicz, D. (2019). Scalp microbiota alterations in children with pediculosis. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 73, 322-331
22. Basmanav, F. B., & Betz, R. C. (2022). Translational impact of omics studies in alopecia areata: recent advances and future perspectives. Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 18(8), 845-857
23. Pratt, C. H., King, L. E., Messenger, A. G., Christiano, A. M., & Sundberg, J. P. (2017). Alopecia areata. Nature reviews Disease primers, 3(1), 1-17
24. Choi, W. J., Lee, J. H., & Kang, H. (2014). P204: Increased susceptibility to autoantigens and humoral immune responses attributes to chronicity of alopecia areata (AA). 프로그램북 (구 초록집), 66(2), 395-395
25. Huang, J., Ran, Y., Pradhan, S., Yan, W., & Dai, Y. (2019). Investigation on microecology of hair root fungi in androgenetic alopecia patients. Mycopathologia, 184(4), 505-515
26. Kim, D. Y., Johnson, P. J., & Senter, D. (2011). Diagnostic Exercise: Severe Bilaterally Symmetrical Alopecia in a Horse. Veterinary pathology, 48(6), 1216-1220
27. Ali, S., Ibrahim, A. M., & El Sayed, N. (2021). Candida antigen immunotherapy versus steroid in the treatment of alopecia areata. Dermatologic Therapy, 34(2), e14802
28. Strazzulla, L. C., Wang, E. H. C., Avila, L., Sicco, K. L., Brinster, N., Christiano, A. M., & Shapiro, J. (2018). Alopecia areata: an appraisal of new treatment approaches and overview of current therapies. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 78(1), 15-24.
29. Arousse, A., Boussofara, L., Brahim, D. H. M. B., Migaud, M., Aounallah, A., Ghariani, N. & Denguezli, M. (2018). A novel AIRE gene mutation in a patient with autoimmune 30.polyendocrinopathy candidiasis and ectodermal dystrophy revealed by alopecia areata. JAAD Case Reports, 4(6), 602-605
30. Hordinsky, M. K. (2013, December). Overview of alopecia areata. In Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings (Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. S13-S15). Elsevier
31. Harries, M., Hardman, J., Chaudhry, I., Poblet, E., & Paus, R. (2020). Profiling the human hair follicle immune system in lichen planopilaris and frontal fibrosing alopecia: can macrophage polarization differentiate these two conditions microscopically?. British Journal of Dermatology, 183(3), 537-547
32. McElwee, K. J., Freyschmidt-Paul, P., Zöller, M., & Hoffmann, R. (2003, October). Alopecia areata susceptibility in rodent models. In Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings (Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 182-187). Elsevier
33. Rossi, A., Magri, F., Michelini, S., Caro, G., Di Fraia, M., Fortuna, M. C., ... & Carlesimo, M. (2021). Recurrence of alopecia areata after covid‐19 vaccination: a report of three cases in Italy. Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 20(12), 3753-3757
34. Wang, E., & McElwee, K. J. (2011). Etiopathogenesis of alopecia areata: Why do our patients get it?. Dermatologic therapy, 24(3), 337-347
35. McElwee, K. J., & Hoffmann, R. (2002). Alopecia areata− animal models. Clinical and experimental dermatology, 27(5), 410-417
36. Borde, A., & Åstrand, A. (2018). Alopecia areata and the gut—the link opens up for novel therapeutic interventions. Expert opinion on therapeutic targets, 22(6), 503-511
37. Connell, S. J., & Jabbari, A. (2022). The current state of knowledge of the immune ecosystem in alopecia areata. Autoimmunity Reviews, 21(5), 103061
38. Moravvej, H., Pourani, M. R., Baghani, M., & Abdollahimajd, F. (2021). Androgenetic alopecia and COVID‐19: A review of the hypothetical role of androgens. Dermatologic therapy, 34(4), e15004
39. Bertolini, M., McElwee, K., Gilhar, A., Bulfone‐Paus, S., & Paus, R. (2020). Hair follicle immune privilege and its collapse in alopecia areata. Experimental dermatology, 29(8), 703-725
2. Kageyama, R., Ito, T., Hanai, S., Morishita, N., Nakazawa, S., Fujiyama, T., ... & Tokura, Y. (2021). Immunological properties of atopic dermatitis-associated alopecia areata. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(5), 2618.
3. Chen, D., Huang, W., Zhongjie, W., Feifeng, R., Luo, L., Jun, Z., ... & Tang, L. (2022). Good efficacy achieved by baricitinib in the treatment of anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis with alopecia areata. Rheumatology, 61(8), e221-e223.
4. McElwee, K. J., Spiers, E. M., & Oliver, R. F. (1996). In vivo depletion of CD8+ T cells restores hair growth in the DEBR model for alopecia areata. British Journal of Dermatology, 135(2), 211-217.
5. Ito, T., Kageyama, R., Nakazawa, S., & Honda, T. (2020). Understanding the significance of cytokines and chemokines in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata. Experimental Dermatology, 29(8), 726-732.
6. Agamia, N., Apalla, Z., El Achy, S., Abdelmaksoud, E., Kandil, N., & Abozeid, S. (2020). Interferon‐gamma serum level and immunohistochemical expression of CD8 cells in tissue biopsies in patients with alopecia areata in correlation with trichoscopic findings. Dermatologic Therapy, 33(4), e13718.
7. Sorour, N. E., Musatafa, A. I., Abdel Sattar, R. H., & Lasheen, Y. F. (2020). Expression of Death Receptor 3 (DR3) on Circulating CD4 Positive Lymphocytes in Patients with Alopecia Areata. Benha Journal of Applied Sciences, 5(6 part (1)), 157-160.
8. Aldaffaie, S. T. H., Hussein, T. A., & Muhieldden, A. A. R. (2022). Estimation of CD3, CD4, and CD8 in Iraqi patients with alopecia areata and alopecia universalis. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 21(3), 1286-1291.
9. Rinaldi, F., Trink, A., & Pinto, D. (2020). Efficacy of postbiotics in a PRP-like cosmetic product for the treatment of alopecia area Celsi: a randomized double-blinded parallel-group study. Dermatology and Therapy, 10(3), 483-493.
10. Manolache, L., & Benea, V. (2007). Stress in patients with alopecia areata and vitiligo. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 21(7), 921-928
11. Werner, B., & Mulinari-Brenner, F. (2012). Clinical and histological challenge in the differential diagnosis of diffuse alopecia: female androgenetic alopecia, telogen effluvium and alopecia areata-part I. Anais brasileiros de dermatologia, 87, 742-747
12. Wasserman, D., Guzman‐Sanchez, D. A., Scott, K., & McMichael, A. (2007). Alopecia areata. International journal of dermatology, 46(2), 121-131
13. Soliman, M. M., Abd El Gayed, E. M., Saleh, S. M., & Bazid, H. A. S. (2022). Assessment of serum level of interleukin-15 in patients with alopecia areata. Menoufia Medical Journal, 35(3), 1026
14. Khafagy, N. H., El Din Zaki, M. S., & Hussein, A. M. (2021). Serum Interleukin-15 in Alopecia Areata and its correlation with dermoscopic findings. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 114(Supplement_1), hcab093-011
15. Ebrahim, A. A., Salem, R. M., El Fallah, A. A., & Younis, E. T. (2019). Serum interleukin-15 is a marker of alopecia areata severity. International Journal of Trichology, 11(1), 26
16. Aldzhabali, M. A. M., & Kuts, L. V. (2022). Serum levels of IL-2 and IL-17A are related to clinical type and severity of alopecia areata
17. Hatif, S. T., Hussein, T. A., & Muhieldden, A. A. R. (2020). Evaluation of il17-a serum levels in iraqi patients with alopecia areata and alopecia universalis. Biochem. Cell Arch, 20, 6419-6425
18. Polak‐Witka, K., Rudnicka, L., Blume‐Peytavi, U., & Vogt, A. (2020). The role of the microbiome in scalp hair follicle biology and disease. Experimental Dermatology, 29(3), 286-294
19. Rinaldi, F., Trink, A., Papale, A., Giuliani, G., & Pinto, D. (2022). Clinical Translation of Microbiome Research in Alopecia Areata: A New Perspective?. Cosmetics, 9(3), 55
20. Barquero-Orias, D., Moreno-Arrones, O. M., & Vañó-Galván, S. (2021). Alopecia and the microbiome: a future therapeutic target?. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition), 112(6), 495-502
21. Haidamak, J., Dos Santos, G. D., de Souza Lima, B. J. F., Soares, V. M., de Menezes, R. V., Bisson, A. A., ... & do Rocio Klisiowicz, D. (2019). Scalp microbiota alterations in children with pediculosis. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 73, 322-331
22. Basmanav, F. B., & Betz, R. C. (2022). Translational impact of omics studies in alopecia areata: recent advances and future perspectives. Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 18(8), 845-857
23. Pratt, C. H., King, L. E., Messenger, A. G., Christiano, A. M., & Sundberg, J. P. (2017). Alopecia areata. Nature reviews Disease primers, 3(1), 1-17
24. Choi, W. J., Lee, J. H., & Kang, H. (2014). P204: Increased susceptibility to autoantigens and humoral immune responses attributes to chronicity of alopecia areata (AA). 프로그램북 (구 초록집), 66(2), 395-395
25. Huang, J., Ran, Y., Pradhan, S., Yan, W., & Dai, Y. (2019). Investigation on microecology of hair root fungi in androgenetic alopecia patients. Mycopathologia, 184(4), 505-515
26. Kim, D. Y., Johnson, P. J., & Senter, D. (2011). Diagnostic Exercise: Severe Bilaterally Symmetrical Alopecia in a Horse. Veterinary pathology, 48(6), 1216-1220
27. Ali, S., Ibrahim, A. M., & El Sayed, N. (2021). Candida antigen immunotherapy versus steroid in the treatment of alopecia areata. Dermatologic Therapy, 34(2), e14802
28. Strazzulla, L. C., Wang, E. H. C., Avila, L., Sicco, K. L., Brinster, N., Christiano, A. M., & Shapiro, J. (2018). Alopecia areata: an appraisal of new treatment approaches and overview of current therapies. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 78(1), 15-24.
29. Arousse, A., Boussofara, L., Brahim, D. H. M. B., Migaud, M., Aounallah, A., Ghariani, N. & Denguezli, M. (2018). A novel AIRE gene mutation in a patient with autoimmune 30.polyendocrinopathy candidiasis and ectodermal dystrophy revealed by alopecia areata. JAAD Case Reports, 4(6), 602-605
30. Hordinsky, M. K. (2013, December). Overview of alopecia areata. In Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings (Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. S13-S15). Elsevier
31. Harries, M., Hardman, J., Chaudhry, I., Poblet, E., & Paus, R. (2020). Profiling the human hair follicle immune system in lichen planopilaris and frontal fibrosing alopecia: can macrophage polarization differentiate these two conditions microscopically?. British Journal of Dermatology, 183(3), 537-547
32. McElwee, K. J., Freyschmidt-Paul, P., Zöller, M., & Hoffmann, R. (2003, October). Alopecia areata susceptibility in rodent models. In Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings (Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 182-187). Elsevier
33. Rossi, A., Magri, F., Michelini, S., Caro, G., Di Fraia, M., Fortuna, M. C., ... & Carlesimo, M. (2021). Recurrence of alopecia areata after covid‐19 vaccination: a report of three cases in Italy. Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 20(12), 3753-3757
34. Wang, E., & McElwee, K. J. (2011). Etiopathogenesis of alopecia areata: Why do our patients get it?. Dermatologic therapy, 24(3), 337-347
35. McElwee, K. J., & Hoffmann, R. (2002). Alopecia areata− animal models. Clinical and experimental dermatology, 27(5), 410-417
36. Borde, A., & Åstrand, A. (2018). Alopecia areata and the gut—the link opens up for novel therapeutic interventions. Expert opinion on therapeutic targets, 22(6), 503-511
37. Connell, S. J., & Jabbari, A. (2022). The current state of knowledge of the immune ecosystem in alopecia areata. Autoimmunity Reviews, 21(5), 103061
38. Moravvej, H., Pourani, M. R., Baghani, M., & Abdollahimajd, F. (2021). Androgenetic alopecia and COVID‐19: A review of the hypothetical role of androgens. Dermatologic therapy, 34(4), e15004
39. Bertolini, M., McElwee, K., Gilhar, A., Bulfone‐Paus, S., & Paus, R. (2020). Hair follicle immune privilege and its collapse in alopecia areata. Experimental dermatology, 29(8), 703-725
Published
2023-04-17
How to Cite
Tahseen, M. A., & Fazaa, S. A. (2023). Evaluation of CD4 and CD8 in Al-Diwaniyah alopecia Patients by ELIZA. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science, 4(2), 451-458. Retrieved from https://cajmns.centralasianstudies.org/index.php/CAJMNS/article/view/1443
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